摘要
目的调查沈阳和西安市中学生学校运动伤害的发生及防护现状,分析中学生体育运动伤害的影响因素,对比两地中学生体育运动伤害情况的特点,为中学生运动伤害防护提出建设性建议,促进学校体育工作发展,提高学生体质健康水平。方法对沈阳和西安市随机抽选12所中学,对12所中学的2400名学生和24名管理人员进行问卷调查,用SPSS软件对数据结果进行统计学分析。结果(1)运动伤害方面:沈阳和西安市中学生的运动伤害事故发生率分别为43.01%和38.44%;男生损伤率高于女生;运动伤害部位以膝关节(30.02%vs 34.69%)和踝关节(22.67%vs 32.33%)损伤较多;事故发生后,2地均以自行处理为主(23.70%vs 42.28%);(2)运动防护方面:两地部分中学生(19.48%vs 7.88%)不会正确处理伤害事故,有18.18%和8.33%的老师没有意识到做准备活动的重要性;(3)体力活动方面:两地中过半的学生1周不足3次运动,多数学生单次运动时间不足30 min(36.50%Vs27.51%);相关分析结果显示,耐力素质和柔韧素质较好的学生,可显著减少运动伤害事故的发生(P<0.05)。结论(1)两地中学生的运动伤害事故发生率较高,男生高于女生;(2)两地中学生和老师欠缺运动防护知识,学校的宣教与管理及应对策略不足,体育教学针对性不强;(3)中学生的日常体力活动强度和时间均达不到推荐量;(4)耐力素质和柔韧素质较好的学生,运动伤害事故的发生率相对较低。
Objective By investigating the occurrence and protection status of sports injuries in middle school students in Shenyang and Xi'an,analyzing the influencing factors of sports injuries among middle school students,comparing the characteristics of sports injuries between middle school students in the two places,to put forward constructive suggestions for sports injury protection for middle school students and promote the development of physical education and improve students'physical fitness in schools.Methods Twelve middle schools were randomly selected from Shenyang and Xi'an.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2,400 students and 24 managers in the 12 middle schools.SPSS software was used for statistical analysis of the data results.Results(1)In terms of sports injuries,the incidences of sports injuries in middle school students in Shenyang and Xi'an were 43.01% and 38.44%,respectively.The injury rates were higher for boys than for girls;Ankle joints(22.67%Vs32.33%)have more injuries;after the accident,both places mainly deal with themselves(23.70%Vs42.28%);(2)Sports protection:some middle school students in both places(19.48%Vs7.88%)will not handle injury accidents correctly,18.18% and 8.33% of teachers do not realize the importance of preparation activities.(3)In terms of physical activity:more than half of the students in the two places did less than three exercises a week,and most students did less than 30 minutes in a single exercise(36.50%Vs27.51%);related analysis results showed that students with better endurance and flexibility qualities,Can significantly reduce the occurrence of sports injury accidents(P<0.05).Conclusions(1)The incidence of sports injury accidents is high among middle school students in the two places.(2)Students and teachers lack sports protection knowledge,school education and management and coping strategies are insufficient,and physical education is not targeted.(3)The daily physical activity intensity and time of middle school students can not reach the recommended amount.(4)Students with better endurance and flexibility qualities have a lower incidence of sports injury accidents.
作者
吴悦
高歌
阮欣欣
王俊良
庞晓峰
苟波
WU Yue;GAO Ge;RUAN Xin-xin;WANG Jun-liang;PANG Xiao-feng;GOU Bo(Graduate Department,Xi'an Sport University,Xi'an Shaanxi 710068;Sports Medicine Department,Qujiang Anren Hospital,Xi'anShaanxi 710060;Xi'an Aerospace Middle School,Xi'anShaanxi710100;General Surgery,Affiliated hospital of Shenyang Physical Education,Shenyang Liao ning110031,China)
出处
《昆明医科大学学报》
CAS
2020年第1期118-126,共9页
Journal of Kunming Medical University
基金
国家社会科学基金资助项目(16XTY004)。
关键词
中学生
运动伤害
运动防护
体力活动
Middle school students
Sports injuries
Sports protection
Physical activity
