摘要
目的掌握灌云县猩红热流行特征,为制定有效的防控措施提供科学依据。方法收集2005-2018年灌云县猩红热病例报告资料,采用描述流行病学方法对数据进行分析。结果 2005-2018共报告例204例,全部为临床诊断病例,无死亡病例报告。年均发病率为1.39/10万,发病率最高为2018年,达8.97/10万。该县猩红热发病呈上升趋势,(χ2=205.984,P<0.001)。男、女发病率分别为1.73/10万、1.02/10万,发病比为1.70:1,男性发病率高于女性(χ2=13.381,P<0.001)。发病年龄1~37岁,15岁以下人群发病数占总发病数的97.06%(198/204),其中以3~9岁儿童高发,占80.88%(165/204)。仅在学生、散居儿童、幼托儿童和农民四种职业人群中发生,发病数依次为73例、70例、58例和3例。发病时间主要集中于10~12月,占总发病数的46.57%(95/204)。除连云港监狱无猩红热病例外,其余各乡镇均有猩红热疫情,伊山镇发病数最多,占50.49%(103/204)。结论加强学校传染病监督、加强病原学监测是今后猩红热防控的关键。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of scarlet fever in Guanyun County, so as toprovide the evidence for formulating effective prevention and control measures.MethodsThe data of scarlet fever cases inGuanyun County from 2005 to 2018 were collected and analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method.Results A total of 204 cases were reported from 2005 to 2018, all of them were clinically diagnosed, and no deaths were reported. Theaverage annual incidence was 0.32/105, the highest in 2018, reaching 0.38/105. The trend chi-square test(χ2=205.984, P<0.001) showed that the incidence of scarlet fever was on the rise in this county. The incidence rates of male and female were1.73/105 and 1.02/105 respectively, with the incidence ratio of 1.70:1(χ2=13.381, P<0.001). The age of onset ranged from 1 to 37 years, and 97.06%(198/204) of the total cases were under 15 years old. Among them, 80.88%(165/204) were childrenaged 3 to 9 years. The cases mainly concentrated in October-December, accounting for 46.57%(95/204) of the total numberof cases. Except that there were no scarlet fever cases in Lianyungang Prison, there were scarlet fever epidemics in other town-ships, and the incidence of scarlet fever was the highest in Yishan Town, accounting for 50.49%(103/204).Conclusion Strengthening the health education for the whole people, strengthening the supervision of infectious diseases in schools,strengthening the training of medical staff, and strengthening the monitor of pathogens are the keys to the prevention and con-trol of scarlet fever in the future.
作者
顾丽
马士化
GU Li;MA Shi-hua(Guanyun County People's Hospital,Guanyun 222200,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《中国校医》
2019年第12期914-916,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Doctor
关键词
猩红热
流行特征
描述流行病学
scarlet fever
epidemiological characteristic
descriptive epidemiology
