摘要
针对我国大学技术转移中的地理阻碍问题,重点考察地理距离对大学-企业技术转移速度的影响,并从大学制度背景和研发网络嵌入两个方面揭示我国大学克服地理阻碍实现快速技术转移的影响因素。利用2001-2015年中国大学-企业专利(申请)权转移数据进行实证检验,研究发现:(1)整体上,大学与企业的地理距离对两者之间技术转移速度的阻碍作用并不显著。(2)大学制度背景对地理距离与大学-企业技术转移速度关系具有显著的负向调节作用,当为中央直属、拥有行业背景以及具有官方声誉时,大学更可能克服地理距离障碍而向企业快速转移技术。(3)大学研发网络嵌入对地理距离与大学-企业技术转移速度关系也具有显著的负向调节作用,当拥有较高的网络中心度以及占据丰富的结构洞时,大学更可能克服地理距离障碍而向企业快速转移技术。
By focusing on the geographical obstacles in the university technology transfer, this paper examines the impact of geographical distance on the speed of university-industry technology transfer, and reveals the factors that influence universities to overcome the geographical barriers of technology transfer in China from two aspects: the university institutional backgrounds and the R&D network embeddedness. Using the data of patent transfer between universities and enterprises in China from 2001 to 2015, we find that:(1) The geographical distance between universities and enterprises has negative but not significant impact on the speed of technology transfer between them.(2) University institutional backgrounds have significant negative moderating effects on the relationship between geographic distance and the speed of university-industry technology transfer. The Chinese universities under the control of the central government, with industrial background and official reputation are more likely to overcome the barrier of geographic distance and transfer technology rapidly to the industry.(3) R&D network embeddedness of universities also has significant negative moderating effects on the relationship between geographic distance and the speed of university-industry technology transfer. The Chinese universities are more likely to overcome the barrier of geographic distance and transfer technology rapidly to the industry, when they have a high degree of network centrality or occupy abundant structural holes. This paper expands the research on the relationship between geographical distance and technology transfer speed from the perspective of institutional backgrounds and social network, which has important implications for the government to promote the transfer speed of university scientific and technological outputs.
作者
马荣康
李少敏
MA Rongkang;LI Shaomin(School of Economics and Management,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Research Center of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Industrial Transit,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)
出处
《科学学与科学技术管理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期32-44,共13页
Science of Science and Management of S.& T.
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(71602017
71673037
71972022)
关键词
地理距离
大学-企业
技术转移速度
大学制度背景
研发网络嵌入
geographical distance
university-industry
speed of technology transfer
university institutional backgrounds
R&D network embeddedness
