摘要
【目的】针对集排离心式油菜精量排种器田间工作时充种状态不稳定,易造成播种量不均匀的问题,设计一种“沙漏通道”型充种管,改进内锥筒结构,实现排种器种子流可控.【方法】运用离散元仿真分析确定充种管控流截面最佳内径.单因素试验优化内锥筒结构,总排量与转速匹配试验确定排种器总排量与内锥筒转速之间的关系.【结果】随着内锥筒有效容积减小,排种器总排量稳定性变异系数逐渐减小,各行排量一致性变异系数先减小后增大;当内锥筒有效容积为0.429 L时,各行排量一致性变异系数达到最小值4.63%,此时总排量稳定性变异系数为5.53%;在充种管控流截面内径为8 mm、内锥筒有效容积为0.429 L条件下,排种器工作转速为90~160 r/min,总排量在25~69 g/min内可调.田间试验表明,优化后的排种器播种出苗后,株距均匀性变异系数为20.75%,各行植株分布变异系数为21.35%.【结论】优化后的充种管和内锥筒可实现对种子流的有效控制.
【Objective】In order to resolve the problem of unstable seed-filling and uneven seeding amount existing in centralized centrifugal precision metering device for rapeseed,a“hourglass”type of seed-filling duct was designed to achieve a controlled seed flow by adjusting the volume of the inner cone.【Method】The simulation test by discrete element method software EDEM showed that the optimal inside diameter of the flow control section of seed-filling duct was 8 mm.The single factor experiment of different volume of the inner cone was developed to optimize the structure of inner cone.The matching experiment for full seeding quantity with rotation speed was conducted to confirm their relationship.【Result】Results showed that:1)With the decrease of inner cone's effective volume,the stability of full seeding quantity decreased gradually,and the apiece row consistency variation coefficient of seeding quantity decreased first and then increased.2)When the inner cone's effective volume was 0.429 L,the apiece row consistency variation coefficient of seeding quantity reached the minimum value of 4.63%,and the stability of full seeding quantity was 5.53%.4)Under the optimal conditions that the inside diameter of the flow control section of seed-filling duct was 8 mm,and the inner cone's effective volume was 0.429 L,the working rotation speed of the seeder was 90 to 160 r/min.The full seeding quantity was tunable between 25~69 g/min.The field experiment showed that in conditions of rotation speed 160r/min and forward speed 3.36 km/h,the average plant spacing was 57.6 mm,and the variation coefficient of plant spacing and the variation coefficient of distribution for each row was 20.75%and 21.35%.【Conclusion】The optimized seed-filling duct and inner cone can control the seed flow effectively.
作者
王都
舒彩霞
廖宜涛
廖庆喜
郑娟
张恺
WANG Dou;SHU Cai-xia;LIAO Yi-tao;LIAO Qing-xi;ZHENG Juan;ZHANG Kai(College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期182-189,共8页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0700702)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51875229)
国家油菜产业体系专项资助项目(CARS-12)
关键词
油菜
离心式排种器
沙漏型充种管
离散元仿真
内锥筒有效容积
rapeseed
centrifugal seed-metering device
hourglass-shaped seed-filling duct
DEM simulation
inner cone's effective volume
