摘要
【目的】探索全膜覆土栽培模式冬小麦高产的细胞学依据.【方法】在大田试验条件下,以常规栽培露地穴播为对照(L),采取全膜覆土穴播(F)种植方式,利用光学显微技术,研究全膜覆土栽培模式下冬小麦不同功能叶位泡状细胞的形态和数量变化规律.【结果】从抽穗前期至灌浆初期,各处理下叶片结构变化不明显,泡状细胞排列紧密有序,细胞间隙少.随着籽粒灌浆进行,小麦功能叶片衰老迅速,叶肉细胞开始解体,体积变小,排列紊乱,泡状细胞数量均呈下降趋势,但全膜覆土处理泡状细胞数量下降缓慢,功能叶片能保持更多水分,细胞衰老速率较缓,尤其旗叶功能期较长.【结论】冬小麦功能叶片持绿性状的延长,有助于更多的同化物积累,为籽粒的充分灌浆提供有利条件,旗叶持绿型品种结合全膜覆土栽培模式,能进一步提高西北旱区冬小麦的高产潜力.
【Objective】To explore the cytological explanation for the high yield of winter wheat under the whole film mulching cultivation mode.【Method】Under field experiment conditions,the morphological and quantitative changes of bulliform cells in winter wheat leaves at different functional leaf positions under full-film mulching cultivation mode(F)were studied through electron microscopy with open-field burrow seeding as control(L).【Result】The results showed that there was no obvious change in leaf structure from early heading to early filling stage and the array of vesicle cells was tight both in CK and treatment group.In grain filling stage,the functional leaves of wheat senesced rapidly.The mesophyll cells began to disintegrate,and their size became smaller,array disordered.And the number of vesicular cells decreased.However,in whole film mulching treatment,the functional leaves could keep more water,and the rate of cell senescence was slow,especially the flag leaves had a longer functional period.【Conclusion】Extended green-keeping period of functional leaves of winter wheat in treatment group was helpful to accumulate more assimilates and provide favorable conditions for grain filling,which exploited the production potential in the northwest dry area.
作者
赵尚文
王德贤
岳维云
王娜
刘鸿燕
王希恩
周喜旺
王孟孟
蒲建刚
陈荃
ZHAO Shang-wen;WANG De-xian;YUE Wei-yun;WANG Na;LIU Hong-yan;WANG Xi-en;ZHOU Xi-wang;WANG Meng-meng;PU Jian-gang;CHEN Quan(Tianshui Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Tianshui 741001,China;College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology,Tianshui Normal University,Tianshui 741001,China)
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期69-75,共7页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金
天水市科技支撑计划项目“旱作农业新品种引进与集成技术试验研究与示范”
关键词
冬小麦
叶片
全膜覆土穴播
泡状细胞
winter wheat
leaves
bunch seeding with whole plastic-film mulching and soil overlying
bulliform cell
