摘要
威尔逊作为美国文艺批评的知识分子左翼,新一代纽约知识分子,马克思主义批评家,在文艺批评中表现出一定的理论倾向,而其批评主要是从美学、道德和社会学方面进行的实践批评。他运用马克思主义批评方法,主张文艺发展是社会发展的一部分,其发展有着自主性。他的社会历史分析,包括政治研讨,绝不是唯政治型的批评,而是其“文学人生”带有诗情的政治反讽。他往往将历史事件融入其作品中,阐释其中的深刻内涵,并善于使用类比讽刺战争是人贪得无厌的表现。他探讨了马克思主义和卢梭的社会契约论在追求平等、自由方面的共同点,描述了法国大革命期间巴贝夫对私有制的痛恨,这一点和卢梭主义较为一致。他还阐释了马克思主义和乌托邦的关系,尤其对圣西门的社会发展原理进行了深层分析和拓展。另外,他还指出马克思主义绝不是机械的理论教条,而是根据发展的历史环境在不断修正中向前发展的,马克思主义文艺批评的方法论也需要实践的检验。
Wilson,as the left wing of American literary criticism,a member of the new generation of New York Intellectuals and Marxist critic,showed a certain theoretical tendency in literary criticism.His criticism was mainly practical from aesthetic,moral and sociological aspects.He used Marxist criticism method to argue that the development of literature and art was a part of social development,and had its own autonomy.His social and historical analysis,including the political discussion,is by no means purely a political criticism,but political irony of poetic sentiment in his“literary life”.He often integrated the historical events into his works,explained the profound connotation,and was good at using the analogy to satirize human insatiability with the war.He discussed the common points between Marxism and Rousseau's Theory of Social Contract in pursuit of equality and freedom,and described Babeuf's hatred of private ownership during the French Revolution,which was more consistent with Rousseau's doctrine.He also explained the relationship between Marxism and Utopia,especially had the deep analysis and expansion of Saint-Simon's principles of social development.In addition,he pointed out that Marxism was by no means a mechanical theoretical dogma,but needed constant test and remedy in accordance with the historical environment of development.The methodology of Marxist literary criticism needed the same.
出处
《辽宁省交通高等专科学校学报》
2019年第6期51-56,共6页
Journal of Liaoning Provincial College of Communications
