摘要
佛教禅修包括止禅和观禅,西方学者将之分别定义为聚焦注意(focused attention meditation,FA)和开放监控(open monitoring meditation,OM)。然而已有禅修实证研究均存在理解与操作上的偏差,本文基于传统佛教止观禅修体系提出不同观点:(1)"止"的机制主要是注意,止禅技术具有丰富完整的分类系统,且"定"才是修"止"的终极目标。(2)"观"的心理机制不仅包含对当前体验的观察,更强调反身觉知。佛教观禅提供了切实有效的操作方法,且有望进行实证。(3)"戒"是禅修训练的心理保护机制,用于调整身心状态,避免心理问题的发生。
Buddhist meditation includes samatha and vipassana,which western scholars define as focused attention meditation and open monitoring meditation. However,there is a bias in the understanding and operation of meditation research. In oder to correct the misunderstandings,this paper puts forward the following views,which are based on the traditional buddhist meditation system:( 1)Attention is the mechanism of samatha,the samatha technology has a complete classification system,and samadhi is the ultimate goal of samatha;( 2) The psychological mechanism of vipassana not only contains the observation of the present,but also contains reflexive awareness;buddhist meditation provides a practical and effective operation method,which will be an empirical one hopefully;( 3) Sila is a psychological protection mechanism for meditation practice,which is used to adjust physical and mental state and avoid psychological problems.
作者
彭彦琴
PENG Yanqin(Department of Psychology,School of Education,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123)
出处
《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期68-77,共10页
Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)
基金
江苏省高校哲学社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“城填化推进中人的心理与行为适应研究”(2015JDXM027)研究成果
关键词
禅修
止
观
聚焦注意
开放监控
戒
meditation
samatha
vipassana
focused attention meditation
open monitoring meditation
sila
