摘要
《齐民要术》是中古时期重要的包含口语成分较多的文献,其中使用了较多的新生复合词。与现代汉语相比,这些新生的复合词有的意义基本未变,有的则发生了较大的改变。通过梳理书中部分常用复合词的意义演变情况,可以发现,导致复合词词义演变的动因是:言语社团对复合词构词语素义关注重心的偏移;复合词词义中体现的言说者和听话者所持的主观情感态度的改变;复合词词义因意义的变迁导致的词类的功能游移。复合词词义演变的机制主要是由于言说者和听话者在交际中的交互主观性以及同义词词场中其他复合词的竞争挤出效应。
QiMinYaoShu(《齐民要术》),as an important and highly colloquial literature in Chinese middle ancient times,contains a lot of compound words.Compared with modern Chinese,some of these newborn compound words have no change in meaning,while others have semantically changed.This paper is to summarizes the semantic change in some common compound words.And as for the change,it is presented in the following three aspects:firstly,the deviation of the focus of speech community on the morpheme meaning of compound words;secondly,the change of the subjective emotional attitude of speakers and listeners in the meaning of compound words;thirdly,due to the change of the meaning of compound words,functional shifting of word-class has also produced.The mechanism of the change of compound words is mainly because of the interactive subjectivity of the speaker and the listener in communication and the crowding out effect of other compound words in the field of synonyms.
作者
潘志刚
Pan Zhigang(School of Humanities and Public Administration,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)
出处
《现代语文》
2019年第11期16-21,共6页
Modern Chinese
基金
江西省社会科学规划项目“《齐民要术》复音词历时演变研究”(13YY14)
关键词
《齐民要术》
复合词
词义演变
转类
主观化
QiMinYaoShu(《齐民要术》)
compound word
semantic change
conversion
subjectivation
