摘要
为了解云南省藏东-川西生态区人体重点寄生虫病流行现状,于2015年根据《第三次全国人体重点寄生虫病现状调查实施细则》的要求,选取云南省藏东-川西生态区的香格里拉市、贡山县开展人体重点寄生虫病调查,采用改良加藤厚涂片法(一粪二检)检测肠道蠕虫卵。钩虫卵阳性粪样(一粪一检)采用试管滤纸培养法进行钩蚴培养,鉴别钩虫种类。采用碘液和生理盐水直接涂片法检查原虫包囊和滋养体。3~6岁儿童加做透明胶纸肛拭法检查蛲虫卵和带绦虫卵。结果显示,共调查香格里拉市和贡山县5个村1271人,发现肠道寄生虫感染458例,总感染率为36.0%。共检出肠道寄生虫12种,其中蠕虫5种,原虫7种。2种及以上混合感染的肠道寄生虫、蠕虫、原虫分别占15.9%(202/1271)、15.1%(192/1271)、0.2%(2/1271)。土源性线虫总感染率为31.9%(406/1271),其中鞭虫感染率最高,为23.1%(294/1271)。贡山县土源性线虫感染率50.0%(383/764)高于香格里拉市的4.5%(23/507)(P<0.05)。原虫总感染率为5.9%(75/1271),其中人芽囊原虫感染率最高(2.2%,28/1271)。香格里拉市原虫感染率为10.1%(51/507),高于贡山县的3.1%(24/764)(P<0.05)。土源性线虫感染主要以轻度为主,轻、中、重度感染构成比分别为78.7%(509/647)、19.3%(125/647)、2.0%(13/647)。男性和女性肠道寄生虫感染率分别为36.3%(206/567)和35.8%(252/704)。0~9岁年龄组肠道寄生虫感染率最高,为50.0%(95/190)。学龄前儿童肠道寄生虫感染率最高,为50.0%(84/168)。高中、中专文化人群肠道寄生虫和土源性线虫感染率最高,均为41.2%(14/34)。独龙族肠道寄生虫感染率最高,为84.0%(225/268)。不同年龄组、不同职业、不同文化程度和不同民族间感染率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。云南省藏东-川西生态区香格里拉市、贡山县人体重点寄生虫感染率仍较高,应加强对农民、学生、妇女和儿童等重点人群寄生虫病防治。
To determine the endemic status of important human parasite infections in the Eastern Tibet and Western Sichuan Eco-region of Yunnan Province,Shangri-La and Gongshan counties were selected for the survey in 2015 based on The Third National Survey Plan and Implementation of Key Human Parasitic Diseases.The modified Kato-Katz thick Smear Method was used to examine the helminth eggs in the collected fecal samples in duplicate.The species of hookworm was identified by culturing the larvae using filter paper/tubing method from the egg positive fecal samples(one sample one examination)The saline direct smear method and iodine solution smear method were applied to examine protozoa trophozoites and cysts,respectively.The anal transparent tape method was used to detect Enterobius vermicularis and tapeworm infections in children with age of 3-6 years old.Total 1271 people from 5 villages in Shangri-La and Gongshan counties were enrolled in the survey,36.0%(458/1271)of them were infected with one or more of 12 species of helminths and protozoa.Among them the infection rate was 31.9%(406/1271)for 5 species of helminth and 5.9%for 7 species of protozoa.The prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths(STH)was 31.9%with Trichuris trichiura as the most common STH(23.1%).The prevalence of STH in Gongshan(50.0%,383/764)was significant higher than that in Shangri-La(4.5%,23/507)(P<0.05).Among the STH infections,most of them were light infection(78.7%,509/647),with less medium infection(19.3%,125/647)and heavy infection(2.0%,13/647).The overall prevalence of protozoan infections was 5.9%in investigated people with Blastocystis hominis as the most common protozoan infection(2.2%).The prevalence of protozoan infections in Shangri-La(10.1%,51/507)was significantly higher than that in Gongshan(3.1%,24/764)(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the prevalence of intestinal parasite infections between male(36.3%,206/567)and female(35.8%,252/704)participants(P>0.05).Children with age of 0-9 years old had the highest prevalence of intestinal parasite infections(50.0%,95/190).Regarding education level,people with high school or professional school had the highest prevalence of intestinal helminth and protozoa infections(41.2%,14/34).In terms of ethical nationality,Dulong people had the highest prevalence of intestinal parasite infections(84.0%,225/268).There was significant differences in the prevalence of intestinal parasite infections among people with different age,occupations,education levels and ethical nationalities(P<0.05).The survey results showed that the prevalence of key human intestinal parasite infections is still high in the Shangri-La and Gongshan Counties within Eastern Tibet and Western Sichuan Eco-region of Yunnan Province.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention,control and surveillance measures for intestinal parasitic diseases in farmers,students and children who have the highest infections.
作者
李奔福
吴方伟
严信留
字金荣
彭佳
保雪莹
蔡璇
王正青
杨亚明
LI Ben-fu;WU Fang-wei;YAN Xin-liu;ZI Jin-rong;PENG Jia;BAO Xue-ying;CAI Xuan;WANG Zheng-qing;YANG Ya-ming(Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Control and Prevention,Yunnan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Prevention and Control,Dali University Institute of Pathogen and Vector Biology(Puer Division),Pu′er 665000,China)
出处
《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期718-722,共5页
Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases
关键词
云南省
藏东-川西生态区
人体重点寄生虫病
流行病学调查
Yunnan
Eastern Tibet and Western Sichuan Eco-region
Important Human Parasitic Diseases
Epidemiological investigation
