摘要
目的调查阳谷县居家老年人的健康状况、居家养老服务需求及老年医学团队干预对居家养老老年人的影响。方法按分层、整群抽样的方法,随机抽取阳谷县居家养老的老年人687例,调查老年人的慢性病、老年综合征及多病共存的患病情况;调查居家老年人服务需求;老年医学团队对部分老年人进行医学干预指导3个月后,调查居家老年人对自身健康状况、安全防护知识的了解,居家老年人功能独立性的改善情况,居家老年人对居家生活的满意度,以评估医学干预对居家养老的影响。结果共687例接受了调查,平均年龄(74.1±6.0)岁;其中男321例,女366例。606例(88.2%)老年人有慢性病,患有慢病的中位数为4种(0~11种);共病老年人为466例(67.9%),3种及以上者为338例(49.2%)。位于前3位的慢病为高血压病(471例,68.6%)、心脑血管疾病(320例,46.6%)和骨关节痛(212例,30.9%)。受访老人中,91.1%的居家老年人(626例)患有老年综合征,中位数为4(0~13)种。居家养老服务需求前三位的是生活照料类需求571人(83.1%)、医疗保健类需求648人(94.3%)、家政服务类需求535人(77.9%)。老年医学团队干预后,居家老年人对自身健康状况能正确了解的比例,从干预前的15.7%升高到68.1%;掌握自身安全防护知识的比例由干预前的11.5%上升为58.4%;对居家生活的满意度由31.3%上升到91.6%,干预前后比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。居家老年人功能独立性干预前90~125分20例、54~89分22例、54分以下4例,干预后分别为28例、17例、3例,功能独立评分由干预前的(91±19)分增加到干预后的(108±21)分,干预前后比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论居家老年人健康状况较差,多有慢性疾病,多病共存、老年综合征较普遍;医疗保健服务是居家养老的主要服务需求;老年医学团队的服务能改善居家养老水平,提高居家养老的满意度。
Objective:To investigate the health status of the elderly at home in Yanggu County,the demand for home care services and the influence of geriatric medical team intervention on the elderly at home.Methods:By stratified and cluster sampling,687 elderly people were randomly sampled from our county to investigate the prevalence of chronic diseases,geriatric syndrome and multiple diseases among the elderly,the service needs of the elderly at home and the health status of the elderly at home and the elderly at home after 3 months of medical intervention and guidance by the geriatric medical team.Safety protection knowledge,functional independence of the elderly at home and satisfaction of the elderly at home were investigated to assess the impact of medical intervention by geriatric medical team on the elderly at home.Results:A total of 687 Cases were investigated,with an average age of(74.1±6.0)years,including 321 males and 366 females.606 cases(88.2%)of the elderly had chronic diseases,the median of which was 4(0-11);Among 466 cases(67.9%)of the elderly had coexistence of multiple diseases,338 cases(49.2%)of the elderly had three or more diseases.The top three chronic diseases were hypertension(471 cases,68.6%),cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases(320 cases,46.6%)and osteoarthritis(212 cases,30.9%).Among the elderly interviewed,91.1%of the elderly at home(626 cases)suffered from geriatric syndrome,with a median of 4(0-13)kinds.The top three demands for home care services were 571(83.1%)for life care,648(94.3%)for health care and 535(77.9%)for home care services.After intervention by geriatric medical team,the proportion of the elderly at home who could correctly understand their health status increased from 15.7%to 68.1%before intervention,11.5%to 58.4%to master their own safety protection knowledge before intervention,and the satisfaction of the elderly at home increased from 31.3%to 91.6%with statistical significance(P<0.05).Before intervention,there were 20 cases with 90-125 score,22 cases with 54-89 score and 4 cases with 54 score below.After intervention,there were 30 cases and 21 cases respectively.After intervention,there was a significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:The elderly at home have poor health status,many chronic diseases,coexistence of multiple diseases and prevalence of geriatric syndrome.Medical care service is the main service demand for home-based pension.The service of geriatric medical team can improve the level of home-based pension and improve the satisfaction of home-based pension.
作者
孙香荣
梁靖
张洪艳
曾慧敏
白如玉
刘宇
SUN Xiang-rong;LIANG Jing;ZHANG Hong-yan;ZENG Hui-min;BAI Ru-yu;LIU Yu(Jiazhai Central Hospital of Chiping County,Chiping 252114,China;Dept.of Geriatrics,Yanggu People's Hospital,Yanggu 252300,China)
出处
《泰山医学院学报》
CAS
2020年第1期63-67,共5页
Journal of Taishan Medical College
