摘要
本试验旨在研究肠道营养保健剂(壳寡糖复合物,主要成分为壳寡糖、L-抗坏血酸、乳酸等)对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标与粪便微生物区系的影响。试验选择2胎、体况相似、健康的长大分娩母猪40头,单栏饲养,并随机分为添加组和非添加组,每组20头,从产前7天至仔猪21日龄断奶,添加组母猪饲喂基础饲粮+母猪肠道营养保健剂,非添加组母猪则仅饲喂基础饲粮。从母猪饲养试验中的添加组和非添加组中各选取20窝仔猪,重新分为母仔猪非添加组(对照组)、仔猪添加组、母猪添加组和母仔猪添加组,每组10窝仔猪,母仔猪添加组和仔猪添加组仔猪补喂仔猪肠道营养保健剂稀释液,母猪添加组和对照组仔猪则不补喂仔猪肠道营养保健剂稀释液,从仔猪7日龄开始至21日龄断奶结束。仔猪断奶后,从相应每个哺乳仔猪试验组的10窝仔猪中挑选90头断奶仔猪,在组内随机重新分为6个重复(栏),每个重复(栏)15头,母仔猪添加组和仔猪添加组断奶仔猪饲喂基础饲粮+仔猪肠道营养保健剂,母猪添加组和对照组断奶仔猪则仅饲喂基础饲粮,试验至仔猪70日龄结束。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,母仔猪添加组、母猪添加组和仔猪添加组断奶仔猪的平均日增重均有所提高(P>0.05)。2)添加母猪和或仔猪肠道营养保健剂均可显著或极显著降低断奶仔猪腹泻率(P<0.05或P<0.01),且母仔猪添加组和仔猪添加组的腹泻率极显著低于母猪添加组(P<0.01)。断奶仔猪死亡率各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)母仔猪添加组断奶仔猪血清谷丙转氨酶活性与母猪添加组相比显著降低(P<0.05),母仔猪添加组和仔猪添加组断奶仔猪血清尿素含量分别比对照组降低21.02%和12.65%(P>0.05),母仔猪添加组、母猪添加组和仔猪添加组断奶仔猪血清中葡萄糖和钙的含量均较对照组有所增加(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,无论添加母猪肠道营养保健剂与否,添加仔猪肠道营养保健剂均能显著改善断奶仔猪干物质、总能、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪的表观消化率(P<0.05)。5)母仔猪添加组28日龄粪便中双歧杆菌和芽孢杆菌数量显著高于母猪添加组和对照组(P<0.05),母仔猪添加组和仔猪添加组35日龄粪便中双歧杆菌和芽孢杆菌数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),仔猪添加组70日龄粪便中双歧杆菌数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),母仔猪添加组70日龄粪便中拟杆菌数量显著低于其他3组(P<0.05)。综上所述,肠道营养保健剂可降低断奶仔猪的腹泻率和死亡率,改善养分表观消化率,提高生长性能;可降低断奶仔猪血清谷丙转氨酶活性,对肝脏具有保护作用;可降低断奶仔猪血清尿素含量,提高蛋白质消化吸收;可增加断奶仔猪肠道有益菌数量,从而改善微生物区系。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of enteral nutrition and health supplement(chitosan oligosaccharide complex,the main components were chitosan oligosaccharides,L-ascorbic acid,lactic acid and other additives) on the growth performance,serum biochemical indexes and fecal microflora of weaned piglets. Forty healthy Landrace×Large White pregnant sows with 2 parities and similar body condition were raised individually and randomly divided into two groups including added group and non-added group,and each group had 20 sows. From 7 days before delivery to 21 days of piglet weaning,the sows in the added group were fed a basal diet + sowenteral nutrition and health supplement,while the sows in the non-added group were only fed the basal diet. Twenty litter piglets were selected from each of the added group and the non-added group in the sows feeding experiment,and were redivided into 4 groups,they were sowpiglet-nonadded group(control group),piglet-added group,sow-added group,sowpiglet-added group,and each group had 10 litter piglets. The piglets in the piglet-added group and sowpiglet-added group were supplemented with piglet enteral nutrition and health supplement diluent,while the piglets in the sow-added group and control group were not supplemented with piglet enteral nutrition and health supplement diluent from the age of 7 days to the age of 21 days. After weanling,ninety weaned piglets were selected from each group of lactating piglets and randomly divided into 6 replicates(columns) with 15 piglets per replicate(column) within groups. The weaned piglets in the sowpiglet-added group and piglet-added group were fed a basal diet+piglet enteral nutrition and health supplement,while the weaned piglets in the sow-added group and control group were only fed the basal diet until the end of the period of 70 days of age. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group,the average daily gain(ADG) of weaned piglets in the sowpiglet-added group,sow-added group and piglet-added group increased(P>0.05). 2) Adding sowor piglet enteral nutrition and health supplement both could extremely significantly or significantly reduce the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets(P < 0.05),in addition,the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets in the sowpiglet-added group and piglet-added group was also extremely significantly lower than that in the sow-added group(P<0.01). There was no significant difference in mortality among groups(P>0.05). 3) Serum alanine aminotransferase activity of weaned piglets in the sowpiglet-added group was significantly lower than that in the sow-added group(P < 0. 05). Compared with the control group,serum urea content of weaned piglets in the sowpiglet-added group and piglet-added group was decreased by 21.02% and 12.65%(P>0.05),respectively,while the contents of glucose and calcium in serum of weaned piglets in the sowpiglet-added group,sow-added group and piglet-added group were increased(P>0.05). 4) Compared with the control group,whether adding sowenteral nutrition and health supplement or not,adding piglet enteral nutrition and health supplement could significantly improve the apparent digestibility of dry matter,total energy,crude protein and crude fat of weaned piglets(P < 0.05). 5) The numbers of Bifidobacterium and Bacillus in feces of 28-day-old piglets in the sowpiglet-added group were significantly higher than those in the sow-added group and control group(P < 0. 05). The numbers of Bifidobacterium and Bacillus in feces of 35-day-old piglets in the sowpiglet-added group and piglet-added group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). The number of Bifidobacterium in feces of 70-day-old piglets in the piglet-added group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P < 0. 05). The number of Bacteroides in feces of 70-day-old piglets in the sowpiglet-added group was significantly lower than that in other three groups(P < 0. 05). In summary,enteral nutrition and health supplement can reduce the diarrhea rate and mortality,improve the apparent digestibility of nutrients and improve the growth performance of weaned piglets;can reduce the activity of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and have protective effect on liver of weaned piglets;can reduce the content of serum urea and increase the digestion and absorption of protein of weaned piglets;and can increase the number of beneficial bacteria in the intestine of weaned piglets,thus improving the microflora.
作者
魏亚浩
杜鹏飞
张清海
李灵平
黄艳群
陈文
WEI Yahao;DU Pengfei;ZHANG Qinghai;LI Lingping;HUANG Yanqun;CHEN Wen(Henan Agricultural University Feed Nutrition Engineering Laboratory of Henan Provincial,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Henan Punier Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Henan Veterinary Drug Feed Inspection Institute,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期5779-5791,共13页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
智汇郑州1125聚才计划——创新领军人才项目
关键词
肠道营养保健剂
断奶仔猪
生长性能
血清生化指标
粪便微生物区系
enteral nutrition and health supplement
weaned piglets
growth performance
serum biochemical indexes
fecal microflora
