摘要
本试验旨在研究不同来源的纤维与脂肪对母猪繁殖性能和生产性能的影响。试验采用两因素交叉设计,选用120头平均3~4胎的母猪作为试验动物,分为A、B、C、D 4组,每组30头,每头母猪为1个重复,分别饲喂添加麸皮+豆皮、麸皮+甜菜粕、麸皮+苜蓿颗粒、甜菜粕+苜蓿颗粒组合的妊娠前期饲粮,探讨不同纤维源对妊娠母猪繁殖性能的影响;妊娠第107天后将妊娠前期每组的母猪分别分为L1、L2、L3 3组,每组10头母猪,分别饲喂添加2.5%的四级豆油、深海鱼油及复合脂肪粉的饲粮,作为妊娠后期和哺乳期饲粮,探索不同脂肪源对哺乳母猪生产性能和仔猪生长性能的影响。结果表明:1)不同纤维源妊娠前期饲粮对窝产总仔数、窝产活仔数、窝产健仔数、初生窝重和初生均重均无显著影响(P>0.05);除初生均重外,在数值上各指标均以8%麸皮+9%甜菜粕组合效果最佳,其次是8%麸皮+9%苜蓿草颗粒组合。2)不同纤维源妊娠前期饲粮对母猪初乳乳脂率、乳蛋白及乳糖含量和体细胞数的影响差异不显著(P>0.05),8%麸皮+9%甜菜粕组合在乳脂率、乳蛋白含量上要优于其他组合;体细胞数在8%麸皮+9%甜菜粕组合上数值最低,说明母猪乳房健康状态较好。3)妊娠后期饲粮与哺乳期饲粮中分别添加2.5%的四级豆油、深海鱼油及复合脂肪粉对各组间哺乳母猪背膘损失和仔猪断奶均重均产生显著影响(P<0.05)。4)母猪妊娠前期饲粮与妊娠后期、哺乳期饲粮对母猪断奶后的发情间隔存在显著互作效应(P<0.05)。综上所述,本试验中母猪妊娠期饲粮添加8%麸皮+9%甜菜粕为最佳组合;妊娠后期饲粮与哺乳期饲粮中添加2.5%深海鱼油有利于提高仔猪的断奶均重,而添加2.5%复合脂肪粉相对具有较低的母猪背膘损失;母猪妊娠前期饲粮与妊娠后期、哺乳期饲粮共同影响着母猪断奶后的发情间隔,从而影响到母猪的繁殖周期。
This experiment was aimed to explore the effects of different sources of fiber and fat on reproductive performance and production performance of sows. Two-factor cross test design was adopted. A total of 120 sows with an average of 3 to 4 fetuses were divided into A,B,C and D groups. Each group consisted of 30 sows and 1 sowper replicate. Sows were fed early-pregnancy diets with bran+soybean husk,bran+beet meal,bran+alfalfa grain,beet meal+alfalfa grain combination to discuss the effects of different fiber sources on reproductive performance of pregnant sows;after pregnancy 107 days,pregnancy sows in each group were divided into L1,L2 and L3 groups,and 10 sows in each group. Sows were fed diets supplemented with 2.5%four-grade soybean oil,deep-sea fish oil and composite fatty powder,respectively,to explore the effects of different fat sources on production performance of lactating sows and piglets. The results showed as follows: 1)there were no significant differences in number of litter size,number of litter size,health piglets number,average litter weight at birth and average body weight at birth among diets of early-pregnant sows supplemented with different fiber sources(P>0.05),but except for average body weight at birth,8% bran+ 9% beet meal combination had the best effect,followed by 8%bran +9% beet meal combination. 2) There was no significant difference in milk fat percentage,milk protein content,lactose content and somatic cells counts of pregnant sows supplemented with different fat sources(P>0.05). 8% bran+9% sugar beet meal combination was superior to other combinations in milk fat percentage and milk protein content;somatic cell counts was the lowest in8% bran+9% sugar beet meal combination,indicating that sows breast health status was better. 3) The effects of grade four soybean oil,deep sea fish oil and compound fat powder on back fat loss of lactating sows and average weaning weight of piglets were significant(P<0.05). 4) There was a significant interaction between early-pregnancy period diets and late-pregnancy period and lactation period diets on estrus interval of weaned sows(P<0.05). It is indicates that adding 8% bran+9% soybean skin combination is the optimal combination in early-pregnancy period diets;adding 2.5% deep-sea fish oil in late-pregnancy period and lactation period diets can improve weaning average body weight of piglets,while adding 2.5% compound fat powder has lower back fat lose,and has a significant interaction between early-pregnancy period diets and late-pregnancy period and lactation period diets on estrus interval of weaned sows,affecting the estrus time of sows after weaning.
作者
王勇生
张天荣
孙铁虎
陈轶群
WANG Yongsheng;ZHANG Tianrong;SUN Tiehu;CHEN Yiqun(Beijing Engineering Research Center of Livestock Products Quality and Safety Source Control,Beijing 102209,China;Nutrition&Health Research Institute,China Oil&Foodstuffs Corporation(COFCO),Beijing 102209,China;COFCO Feed Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100010,China;COFCO Feed(Tangshan)Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan 063000,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期5500-5508,共9页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
十三五国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0501200)
中粮集团重大科技项目(2017)——无抗日粮关键技术开发及产品创制
关键词
纤维
脂肪
妊娠母猪
哺乳母猪
繁殖性能
生产性能
fiber
fat
pregnant sow
lactating sow
reproductive performance
production performance
