摘要
利用2005—2017年安庆市8个国家气象观测站逐时降水量资料以及高空探测资料,分析安庆市短时强降水的时空分布特征,并建立安庆市短时强降水天气学模型。结果表明:短时强降水空间分布城郊差异明显,以城区次数为最多,其次是山区。短时强降水过程的年发生总站次没有明显的线性变化趋势,但有较大差异;月发生站次以7月为最多,其次是6月和8月;日分布具有明显的单峰型特征,午后到傍晚为高发时段。短时强降水强度以20~30 mm/h为主,超过50 mm/h的较少,但总体上出现次数呈增加趋势,并且强度也有所增强。短时强降水天气模型主要分为冷锋型、短波槽型、台风低压型、副高控制型,以短波槽型占比为最多,每个类型短时强降水的触发机制均不相同,但大部分均存在高低空急流或者超低空急流;本地具有湿层深厚和大气层结不稳定特征。
Based on the hourly rainfall data and the high-altitude detection data collected from 8 meteorological stations in Anqing City from 2005 to 2014,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of short-term heavy rainfall in Anqing City were analyzed,and a meteorological model was established.It was concluded that the spatial distribution difference between urban areas and rural areas was obvious,most in the urban areas,followed by mountains areas.There was no obvious linear change in the annual total station of the short-term heavy rainfall,but there was a big difference.The most frequent month was July,followed by June and August.The daily distribution characteristics was single peak obviously,which occurred most from noon to evening.The intensity of short-term heavy rainfall in Anqing City was mainly at 20~30 mm/hour,and it never passed 50 mm/hour.However,the overall occurrences increased and the intensity became increased as well.The short-term heavy rainfall weather model could be divided into different types such as cold front,short wave trough,typhoon low voltage and sub high control,among which the short wave trough accounted for the most.The triggering mechanism of each type of short-term heavy rainfall was different.There were high-low altitude jet streams or ultra-low jet streams in the model types.The local layer was wet and deep and the atmosphere was unstable.
作者
张丽
葛红卫
金高松
董方有
黄洋
ZHANG Li;GE Hongwei;JIN Gaosong;DONG Fangyou;HUANG Yang(Anqing Meteorological Bureau,Anqing 246003,China)
出处
《中低纬山地气象》
2019年第6期64-70,共7页
Mid-low Latitude Mountain Meteorology
关键词
短时强降水
时空分布
天气学模型
short-time heavy rainfall
temporal and spatial distribution
weather model
