摘要
利用2017年三沙湾沉积物的监测资料,分析了研究区沉积物重金属汞(Hg)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、铜(Cu)、砷(As)的含量及其分布特征,结合历史资料分析了其趋势变化,并对其污染状况进行了评价.结果表明:研究区沉积物重金属Hg、Cd、Pb、Cu、As含量分别介于0.051~0.082、0.080~0.200、39.07~51.83、23.04~36.52、8.47~12.16 mg·kg-1,平均值分别为0.071、0.121、44.40、30.91、10.24 mg·kg-1;从平面分布来看,西北部是Hg、Pb、As含量高值分布的区域,北部是Cd含量高值分布的区域,南部和西北部是Cu含量高值分布的区域;从年际变化来看,本研究的Hg、Cd、Pb、Cu、As测定值分别是1991年的1.48、1.95、1.38、1.18、2.18倍,均呈现不同程度的升高趋势,这可能与研究区在2000年后开始大力发展沿岸工业有关;从单因子指数来看,Cu超标率达20.0%,最大超标倍数为1.04,其余均未超标,可见主要污染物是Cu;潜在生态危害指数Eri显示,研究区Hg、Cd、Pb、Cu、As单项污染物分别处于中、中、低、低、低潜在生态风险等级,研究的5种重金属综合RI均值处于中生态风险等级水平;采用不同背景参考值对评价结果有一定的影响,可见合理选择对评价结果具有重要意义.
Based on the monitoring data of sediment in Sansha Bay in 2017,the content and distribution of heavy metals mercury(Hg),cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb),copper(Cu)and arsenic(As)in the sediments in the study area were analyzed.The trend changes were analyzed in combination with historical data,and the pollution status was evaluated.The results showed that the content ranges of Hg,Cd,Pb,Cu and As were 0.051-0.082,0.080-0.200,39.07-51.83,23.04-36.52,and 8.470-12.16mg/kg and the average contents were 0.071,0.121,44.40,30.91,and 10.24mg/kg,respectively.The high contents of Hg,Pb and As were distributed in the northwest region,the high content of Cd was distributed in the north region and the high content of Cu was distributed in the south and northwest region.The measured values of Hg,Cd,Pb,Cu and As were respectively 1.48,1.95,1.38,1.18 and 2.18 times that of 1991,all of which showed an increasing trend of different degrees,which may be related to the development of coastal industry in the research area after 2000.According to the single factor pollution index, the excess rate of Cu reached 20.0%, the maximum excess multiple was 1.04, and other elements did not exceed the standard, indicating that the main pollutant was Cu. Based on the potential ecological risk index Eri, Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu and As single pollutants in the study area were at the level of medium, medium, low, low and low potential ecological risk respectively, and the comprehensive RI of the five heavy metals was at the level of medium ecological risk level. The use of different background reference values had a certain impact on the evaluation results, so reasonable selection was of great significance to the evaluation results.
作者
郑钦华
ZHENG Qin-hua(Ningde Marine and Fishery Environmental Monitoring Station,Ningde,Fujian 352100,China)
出处
《宁德师范学院学报（自然科学版）》
2019年第4期432-440,共9页
Journal of Ningde Normal University(Natural Science)
基金
国家海洋局资助项目（闽海渔[2017]61号）
关键词
海水增养殖区
沉积物
重金属
污染评价
三沙湾
mariculture area
sediment
heavy metal
pollution assessment
Sansha Bay
