摘要
根据2016-2017年上海空气污染物和相关气象要素数据,分析上海2017年O3变化特征以及气象影响因素,并对造成O3污染的天气系统进行主观分型。结果表明:2017年上海市空气质量优良天数为275 d,占全年天数的75.3%,O3-8h污染天数为55 d。上海市O3-8h年均浓度115μg·m-3,同比增幅超过10%,为2013年以来的最高值,主要体现为夏半年O3浓度的上升。与2016年相比,2017年夏半年西太平洋副热带高压偏西偏强,上海地区风速风向、温度、水汽、光照、辐射条件均有利于O3浓度上升。造成2017年高浓度O3污染主要有4种天气类型:副热带高压控制型(SH)、地面高压型(G)、均压场型(J)和低压型(D)。其中副热带高压控制型是典型的O3-8h污染天气型,占总污染日数的29.1%,且污染程度较重;低压型出现次数较少;地面高压型的臭氧平均污染程度最弱。
Air quality data and relevant meteorological data were used in this paper to analyze the variations of ozone and the meteorology influencing factors in Shanghai in 2017.Studies on subjective synoptic weather classifications on ozone were also conducted.The results showed that there were 275 non-pollution days accounting for 75.3%of the whole year of 2017.There were 55 O3-8h pollution days.The average O3-8h concentration was 115μg·m-3 in 2017.The year-on-year growth was more than 10%.It has reached the highest concentration since 2013.The increase in ozone concentration in 2017 was mainly due to the increase in ozone concentration in the summer half-year.Compared with the summer half-year of 2016,the conditions of wind,temperature,water vapor,illumination,and radiation were all helpful to increase the ozone concentration in the summer half-year of 2017,which was under the background of the abnormally western and strengthened western Pacific subtropical high.The synoptic systems affecting O3 pollution are classified into four patterns,including subtropical high(SH),surface high(G),equalized pressure(J)and low pressure(D).The subtropical high pattern is the most predominant and typical ozone pollution pattern,accounting for 29.1%of the total.It shows high level pollution.The low-pressure pattern appears with the least frequency,and the surface high pattern shows the lowest level of pollution.
作者
余钟奇
马井会
毛卓成
曹钰
瞿元昊
许建明
YU Zhong-qi;MA Jing-hui;MAO Zhuo-cheng;CAO Yu;QU Yuan-hao;XU Jian-ming(Yangtze River Delta Center for Environmental Meteorology Prediction and Warning,Shanghai 200030,China;Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health,Shanghai Meteorological Service,Shanghai 200030,China)
出处
《气象与环境学报》
2019年第6期46-54,共9页
Journal of Meteorology and Environment
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0213801)
上海市科委科研计划项目(16DZ120460)
上海气象局面上科研项目(MS201808)
上海气象局启明星科研项目(QM201715)
气象预报业务关键技术发展专项(YBGJXM(2018)06)共同资助
关键词
臭氧污染
气象条件
天气分型
Ozone pollution
Meteorological conditions
Synoptic weather classification
