摘要
[目的]研究水稻生长中有机肥与化肥配施对水稻产量及氮肥利用效率的影响。[方法]选用秀水为供试品种开展1季大田试验,设置常规及缺氮区(CK、T1)、减肥20%及缺氮区(T2、T3)、减肥20%有机肥配施区(T4~T7)和减肥20%缺氮有机肥配施区(T8~T11)共4组12个肥料运筹处理。测定水稻长势及植株养分吸收情况,分析不同施肥处理下水稻生长性状、产量与氮肥利用效率。[结果]常规施肥条件下水稻生长情况和产量均最高,但氮肥利用率较低;在常规施肥减量20%的基础上,适当增施有机肥,利于植株氮养分含量的积累,可提高氮肥利用率;完全不施氮肥,磷钾减肥20%的基础上,配施有机肥,对水稻生长和氮养分积累较为不利,产量明显偏低。[结论]综合考虑投入产出,当常规施肥减肥20%,有机肥配施量为3750 kg/hm^2时,水稻产量与常规施肥差异不显著(P<0.05),为最优无机有机肥配施方案。
[Objective]To study the effects of application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency in rice growth.[Method]Xiushui was selected as the tested variety for one season field trial.A total of four groups of 12 fertilizers combined were used for treatment,including conventional(excluding nitrogen)fertilization block,weight loss 20%conventional(excluding nitrogen)fertilizer block,weight loss 20%fertilizer+organic fertilizer combined application block,loss 20%fertilizer excluding nitrogen weight+organic fertilizer combined application block.The growth of the rice and the nutrient uptake of the plants were measured.The growth traits,nutrient absorption and accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency under different fertilization treatments were analyzed.[Result]The growth and yield of rice were highest under normal fertilization conditions,but the nitrogen recovery efficiency was lower.On the basis of 20%reduction of conventional fertilization,appropriate application of organic fertilizer was beneficial to the accumulation of nitrogen in plants,which could improve the recovery rate of nitrogen fertilizer.No nitrogen fertilizer,on the basis of 20%reduction of phosphorus and potassium,organic fertilizer applied,which was unfavorable for wheat growth and nitrogen nutrient accumulation,and the yield was significantly lower.[Conclusion]Considering input and output comprehensively,when conventional fertilization loses 20%and organic fertilizer application rate was 3750 kg/hm^2,the rice yield was not significant(P<0.05)with conventional fertilization treatment,which was the optimal fertilizer application mode.
作者
王站付
石磊
杨业凤
陆利民
黄璐璐
林天杰
WANG Zhan-fu;SHI Lei;YANG Ye-feng(Extension Service Center of Agricultural Technology of Shanghai,Shanghai 201103;Pudong New District of Shanghai Agro-Technology Extension Service Center,Shanghai 201201)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2020年第1期163-166,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
上海市农业农村委科技兴农项目(沪农科推字[2017]第1-2号)
关键词
无机有机肥配施
水稻
产量
氮肥利用效率
Organic and chemical fertilizer combined
Rice
Yield
Nitrogen use efficiency
