摘要
为明确不同类型花生产量、品质对播期的响应,选用大花生‘花育22号’和小花生‘花育20号’,采用错期播种法在山东花生主产区进行了多点试验。结果表明:播期对花生产量影响显著,两品种全省最佳播期为5月5日,鲁东威海、烟台适宜播期为4月25日至5月15日,其余地区为4月15日至5月15日。在适宜播期内,可借雨抢墒播种。同一地区不同播期花生脂肪含量、蛋白质含量和糖含量存在较大差异,但规律性较差;从6个试验点平均值看,两品种脂肪含量基本随播期的推迟呈缓慢下降趋势,蛋白质含量呈开口向上的抛物线态势,糖含量呈缓慢增加趋势;两品种品质三指标的变幅‘花育22号’高于‘花育20号’,表明大花生主要品质指标对播期的敏感度大于小花生。相关分析表明,当产量较高时,有利于脂肪和蛋白质的合成而不利于糖的积累。因此,选择最佳播期播种,对协同提高花生产量和品质具有重大意义。
In order to clarify the effects of sowing date on the yield and quality of two varieties of peanut,large-seed‘Huayu 22’and small-seed‘Huayu 20’were selected and the multi-point experiments were carried out in the main peanut producing area of Shandong province by the staged sowing dates.The results showed that the sowing date had a significant impact on peanut yield.The best sowing date of the two varieties for the spring date with plastic film-covering peanut was around May 5th in whole Shandong(from April 25th to May 15th in Weihai and Yantai,and from April 15th to May 15th in other areas).In the suitable sowing date,peanut should be planted immediately after raining which is enough for seed germination.There were large differences in fat contents,protein contents and sugar contents in different sowing dates in the same area,but the regularity was poor.From the average of six experiment areas,the fat contents of the two varieties basically decreased slowly with the delay of the sowing date.The protein contents presented the open-up parabolic trend and the sugar contents were increased slowly.The variation of the three indicators of the quality were higher in‘Huayu 22’than that in‘Huayu 20’,which indicated that the large-seed peanuts in main quality indicators were more sensitive to sowing date than small-seed peanuts.The correlation analysis indicated that high yield was advantageous to fat and protein synthesis,while was not conducive to the accumulation of sugar.Therefore,selecting the optimum time for sowing was significant for both increasement of yield and improvement of quality collectively.
作者
冯昊
凌飞
王世福
王春晓
王鹏
孙学武
郑永美
王才斌
FENG Hao;LING Fei;WANG Shifu;WANG Chunxiao;WANG Peng;SUN Xuewu;ZHENG Yongmei;WANG Caibin(Shandong peanut research institute,Qingdao 266100,China;Shandong Ocean Culture Tourism Development Co.,Ltd.,Rizhao 276800,China;Gansu Precious Metals Smelting Co.,Ltd.,Dingxi 730500,China;Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yantai 265500,China)
出处
《青岛农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
2020年第1期15-19,共5页
Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Natural Science)
基金
山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2018YFJH0601)
山东省农科院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2018E21,CXGC2018B05)
关键词
花生
播期
产量
品质
peanut
sowing date
yield
quality
