摘要
从伦理角度考察,现有的知识产权主体制度蕴含着以自然人为原点的伦理原则,并以自然人人格理论和激励创新理论为伦理基础构建而成。当今的弱人工智能所具有的令人惊讶的创作物生成能力已引起人们的焦虑:假如未来的强人工智能或者超人工智能被设定为作者、发明人或者知识产权所有者,必将对以自然人为原点的知识产权主体制度造成强烈冲击。根据以自然人为原点的伦理原则,人工智能即使能够独立于人类而生成创作物,也只能是人类的辅助工具,不能与人类一样成为知识产权主体。基于此,人工智能生成物的知识产权主体制度设计应严格遵循以自然人为原点的伦理原则,维护既有的以自然人为主体、以法人或者其他组织为补充主体的知识产权主体制度体系。
From the perspective of ethics,the existing intellectual property subject system contains the ethical principle of taking the natural person as the origin,and it is based on the theory of personality of the natural person and the theory of incentive innovation.The surprising creative power of today’s weak artificial intelligence has caused anxiety.If the future strong artificial intelligence or super artificial intelligence is set as the author,inventor or the owner of intellectual property,it will have a strong impact on the intellectual property subject system which takes the natural person as the origin.According to the ethical principle of taking the natural person as the origin,even if artificial intelligence can generate creations independently of human beings,it can only be an auxiliary tool for human beings and cannot become the subject of intellectual property like human beings.Based on this,the design of intellectual property subject system of artificial intelligence products should strictly follow the ethical principle of taking the natural person as the origin and maintain the existing system of intellectual property subject system with the natural person as the subject and the legal person or other organizations as the supplementary subject.
作者
曹新明
咸晨旭
CAO Xin-ming;XIAN Chen-xu(Center for Studies of Intellectual Property,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China)
出处
《西北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期94-106,共13页
Journal of Northwest University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
基金
2018年教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(18JJD820002)
高等学校学科创新引智计划(111计划)(B18058)
中南财经政法大学研究生科研创新项目(201911501)
关键词
人工智能
知识产权
主体资格
伦理规则
artificial intelligence
intellectual property
subject qualification
ethical rules
