摘要
虽然扶贫政策的实施和经济增长的拉动对农村减贫发挥了巨大作用,但大量农户却仍处于贫困脆弱状态,这一问题是未来反贫困工作的重点。文章基于2016年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,采用FGLS和Probit模型实证检验家庭教育支出对农户贫困脆弱性的影响,并进一步运用倾向得分匹配(PSM)的方法进行了全样本检验。从贫困特征和子女受教育阶段角度的异质性分析结果显示:家庭教育支出显著降低了农户的贫困脆弱性。分样本来看,对贫困家庭的降低程度大于非贫困家庭,所有教育阶段的家庭教育支出都能降低农户贫困脆弱性,其中义务教育阶段家庭教育支出的增加对降低农户贫困脆弱性的效应最大,高中及以上教育阶段次之,学前教育阶段的效应最小。增加社区控制变量后结论仍然稳健。机制检验发现,农户人力资本的增加和社会网络的增强是家庭教育支出影响贫困脆弱性的重要机制。据此,文章认为增加家庭教育支出是降低农户贫困脆弱性和实现长期稳定脱贫的重要途径。
The problem of rural poverty is a fundamental issue related to the comprehensive construction of a well-off society.Although the implementation of poverty alleviation policies and the promotion of economic growth have played a huge role in reducing poverty in rural areas in China,a large number of farmers are still in a state of poverty and fragility.How to solve this problem is a major challenge for China to achieve its goal of comprehensive poverty alleviation.Education investment deserves attention in the factors affecting the vulnerability of poverty,but it has rarely been mentioned in the literature.Family education expenditure is the main source of investment in education.It is of great practical significance to study whether it can reduce the vulnerability of poverty.Based on the 2016 China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)data,this paper identifies the reduction effect of family education expenditure on poverty vulnerability and tests the related impact mechanism.The paper selects households with family members who are 6-27 years old at the school stage and measures their vulnerability of poverty using the Vulnerability as Expected Poverty(VEP)method.The characteristics of family fragility in different education stages are also analyzed in detail.Using FGLS and Probit models to analyze the impact of family education expenditure on farmers’poverty vulnerability,the estimation results show that family education expenditure has a significant impact on poverty vulnerability after controlling a series of variables such as individual characteristics,family characteristics and risk shocks.FGLS-based estimates find that for every 10%increase in family education expenditure,poverty vulnerability decreases by about 0.00057.Based on the Probit model,it is estimated that for every 10%increase in family education expenditure,the probability of poverty vulnerability of farmers is reduced by about 0.058%.In order to solve the problem of sample self-selection bias,the method of Propensity Score Matching(PSM)is further used to test the whole sample,and the sample of poor and non-poor families,as well as families in pre-school,compulsory education and high school and above stages are tested and analyzed.The estimation results show that family education expenditure significantly reduces the poverty vulnerability of farmers.According to the sample,the reduction of poverty-stricken families is greater than that of non-poor families.Family education expenditure in all education stages can reduce the poverty vulnerability of farmers.The increase of family education expenditure in the compulsory education stage has the greatest effect on reducing the poverty vulnerability of farmers,followed by the high school education and above stage,and the preschool education stage has the least effect.In order to control the influence of missing variables on the results,this paper adds community control variables for regression estimation,and the results pass the robustness test.Further mechanism tests find that the increase of farmers’human capital and the enhancement of social networks are important mechanisms for family education expenditure to affect poverty vulnerability.The paper provides micro-empirical evidence for the importance of increasing family education expenditure and exerting its role in reducing farmers’poverty vulnerability.
作者
斯丽娟
Si Lijuan(School of Economics,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《财经研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第11期32-44,共13页
Journal of Finance and Economics
基金
国家社科基金青年项目(15CJY016)
关键词
家庭教育支出
贫困脆弱性
农户贫困
CFPS
family education expenditure
poverty vulnerability
poverty of farmers
CFPS
