摘要
根据"我即我食"原理,生物体组织的稳定同位素组成与其食物来源密切相关。多样化食物资源与复杂的新陈代谢暗示着生物体组织的稳定同位素组成可能受到自然环境、人类活动以及自身生理健康等多因素的影响。对这些影响因素的综合评估不仅为更全面准确的重建古代人(或动物)的食谱提供重要依据,同时,结合考古学文化发展脉络,判断引起考古遗址出土生物体稳定同位素组成时空变化的主导因素,又可为揭示古代人地关系、人类活动以及社会经济发展等提供新的视角。为此,以我国古代独具特色的饮食文化为背景,在多因素影响机理论述基础之上,探讨可能影响我国古代人(或动物)稳定同位素食谱分析的各方面因素;同时,通过对不同影响因素的诠释,揭秘其背后隐藏的考古学信息。
The principle"You are what you eat"reflects that the stable isotope values of organism tissues have closed correlations with those of their consuming foods.However,the diversified food resources and complex metabolism of organisms suggest that the stable isotope analysis of their diets is possibly affected by many factors,such as natural environment,human activities,and physiology and health.As the wide using of this method in archaeological researches,the dietary deviations due to these factors were gradually highlighted and would no longer be tolerated.So,the comprehensively valuing these factors is indispensable for the dietary analysis of ancient human(or animals)accurately.Meanwhile,based on the evolution of archaeological cultures,the analysis of determinant factors resulted in the spatiotemporal variation of the stable isotopic composition of archaeological remains(human,animal,plant,etc.)can also provide a new perspective for exploring the relationship between the ancient people and the land,human activities and social development.It is well known that the crops,rice(Oryza sativa)and millets(Setaria italica and Panicum miliaceum),originated in China.Meanwhile,the various domesticated animals and all kinds of utensils for food processing were also discovered in the archaeological sites in China.All of these reflect that the ancient human(or animal)in China had a complex and unique diet.In conjunction with the mechanism of these influencing factors,we discussed the potential factors influencing on the stable isotope analysis of ancient human(or animal)diet in China.These factors included natural environment(precipitation,atmospheric CO2 concentration,temperature,humidity,altitude,latitude,soil conditions,etc.),human activities(domestic animals and crops,irrigation and fertilization,and fossil fuel combustion),and physiology and health(gender,age,nutritional pressure,food processing,etc.).Furthermore,we also investigated the ancient humans(or animals)with especially isotopic compositions from different archaeological sites in China,which provides a new perspective for us to understand the metabolism abnormality of the animal in a dry climate,the physiological changes of wild animals in captivity,the reproductive age of women,and the water resources of agriculture.
作者
屈亚婷
易冰
胡珂
杨苗苗
Qu Yating;Yi Bing;Hu Ke;Yang Miaomiao(Northwest Institute of Historical Environment and Socio-Economic Development,Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,Shaanxi;Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044;Department of Archaeology and Anthropology,School of Humanities,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi)
出处
《第四纪研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期1487-1502,共16页
Quaternary Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41701161和41571190)
教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目(批准号:15YJCZH132)
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(批准号:17JJD770012)共同资助。
关键词
古食谱分析
稳定同位素
自然环境
人类活动
生理健康
dietary analysis
stable isotopes
natural environment
human activities
physiology and health
