摘要
【目的】分析中阳木枣品种群果实品质性状指标间的差异和相互关系,探讨影响其果实制干品质的关键指标,构建其综合评价体系,筛选出制干综合品质性状优良的红枣品种,为合理评价与挖掘利用中阳木枣种质资源提供参考。【方法】以中阳木枣品种群19个品种果实为材料,利用变异分析、相关分析和因子分析法,对鲜枣单果质量、可溶性固形物含量、果肉汁液、抗裂性、制干率、核质量及干枣单果质量、可食率、含糖量、含酸量、糖酸比、色泽、饱满度和果肉质地共14项品质指标进行分析,确定影响其果实制干品质的关键评价指标;应用层次分析法确定关键评价指标的权重,运用合理-满意度和多维价值评价理论建立中阳木枣品种群果实制干品质评价体系,计算各品种果实制干品质综合得分,并进行优良度排序,筛选出该品种群中适宜制干的优良品种;运用线性回归分析法对综合评价模型进行验证。【结果】中阳木枣品种群果实品质性状变异丰富,变异系数为1.32%~39.44%,其中干枣糖酸比、鲜枣核质量、干枣含酸量、干枣单果质量、鲜枣单果质量和鲜枣抗裂性6项指标差异较大,而干枣可食率、干枣含糖量和干枣色泽3项指标差异较小;利用变异分析、相关分析和因子分析,从14项品质指标中筛选出干枣单果质量、干枣饱满度、鲜枣抗裂性、干枣含糖量、干枣糖酸比和干枣果肉质地6项指标作为该品种群果实制干品质的关键评价指标。综合考虑6项评价指标对该品种群果实品质的影响程度,构建层次结构模型,优化出6项指标的权重分别为30.20%,15.10%,32.04%,9.37%,4.68%和8.61%。根据合成合理-满意度公式计算出各个品种的综合评价值,可知不同品种果实制干综合品质存在较大差异,其中临黄1号、晋园红、长条枣、陕北长枣、佳县长枣和方木枣得分较高,综合品质较好。回归分析结果表明,评价结果与基于因子分析的综合评价结果相近,其拟合系数接近于0.80,说明此综合评价模型能较为准确地评价中阳木枣品种群果实制干综合品质。【结论】中阳木枣品种群果实制干品质可用干枣单果质量、干枣饱满度、鲜枣抗裂性、干枣含糖量、干枣糖酸比和干枣果肉质地6项关键指标进行综合评价;临黄1号、晋园红、长条枣、陕北长枣、佳县长枣和方木枣制干综合品质表现较优,而帅枣系品种适宜做蜜枣品种栽培。
【Objective】 This study analyzed the differences and relations between fruit quality indices of Zhongyangmuzao(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) series cultivars,searched key evaluation indices,set up a comprehensive evaluation system for dried jujube,and screened good cultivars to provide basis for fruit quality evaluation and utilization of Zhongyangmuzao resources.【Method】 Fourteen indices were determined from nineteen Zhongyangmuzao cultivars.Six evaluation indices were chosen by variation analysis,correlation analysis and factor analysis.The analytic hierarchy process(AHP) was used to decide the weights of indices,and a comprehensive evaluation system was established using the ration-satisfaction process and multidimensional value theory.The comprehensive evaluation scores of nineteen cultivars were calculated,and superiority ranking was conducted.Regression analysis was used to authenticate model accuracy.【Result】 Large differences in variations of fruit indices were observed in tested Zhongyangmuzao cultivars,and their coefficients of variation(CV) were from 1.32% to 39.44%.The CV values of soluble sugar/titratable acid of dry jujube,stone weight,acid content of dry jujube,dry jujube weight,fresh fruit weight and resistant to cracking were larger while that of ratio of edibility of dry jujube,soluble sugar content of dry jujube and dry jujube color were lesser.Six key evaluation indices including dry jujube weight,plumpness of dry jujube,resistant to cracking, soluble sugar content of dry jujube,soluble sugar/titratable acid of dry jujube and texture of dry jujube were screened from fourteen indices by correlation analysis and factor analysis.An analytical hierarchy model was proposed based on the six indices,and weight coefficients of the indices were 30.20%,15.10%,32.04%,9.37%,4.68% and 8.61%,respectively.The values of comprehensive evaluation in tested Zhongyangmuzao cultivars were calculated according to the synthetic ration-satisfaction formula.The comprehensive evaluation of dried jujube quality of Zhongyangmuzao cultivars showed significant differences,and Linhuang 1,Jinyuanhong,Changtiaozao,Shaanbeichangzao,Jiaxianchangzao and Fangmuzao were better.Regression analysis showed that the comprehensive evaluation model was acceptable(R^2=0.758) and could be used to evaluate the Zhongyangmuzao cultivars.【Conclusion】 Dried jujube quality of Zhongyangmuzao cultivars could be evaluated by dry fruit weight,plumpness of dry jujube,resistant to cracking, soluble sugar content of dry jujube,soluble sugar/titratable acid of dry jujube and texture of dry jujube.Linhuang 1,Jinyuanhong,Changtiaozao,Shaanbeichangzao,Jiaxianchangzao and Fangmuzao are better,while Shuaizao cultivars are suitable for candied jujube.
作者
樊保国
李月梅
张强
李登科
杜学梅
FAN Baoguo;LI Yuemei;ZHANG Qiang;LI Dengke;DU Xuemei(College of Life Science,Shanxi Normal University,Linfen,Shanxi 041000,China;Research Institute of Pomology,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science,Taigu,Shanxi 030815,China)
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期130-139,共10页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
山西省科学技术发展计划项目(20140311017-7)
关键词
红枣
中阳木枣
果实制干品质
木枣品质评价
red jujube
Zhongyangmuzao
fruit drying quality
quality evaluation of Muzao
