摘要
为了研究表面改性方法及表面包覆均匀性、浸润性等性状对含能材料的机械感度、界面力学性能以及工艺性能的影响,仿生贻贝黏附蛋白的作用原理,以多巴胺为前驱体,采用一步法使其在含能材料表面聚合形成一层致密牢固的包覆薄膜聚多巴胺(PDA),制备了改性单质炸药(HMX@PDA、TATB@PDA)和改性铝粉(Al@PDA)。通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱和接触角测试仪对改性含能材料的表面形貌、药柱断裂处微观形貌、元素含量以及表面浸润性能进行了表征,采用国军标(GJB?772A?1997)、巴西实验等标准测试方法对改性含能材料的机械感度、拉伸应力?应变曲线等进行了测试,并将实测性能与未改性含能材料进行了对比分析。结果表明,与HMX晶体比较,HMX@PDA晶体的摩擦感度下降30%,特性落高数值增加一倍;与TATB基药柱比较,TATB@PDA基药柱的拉伸强度提高约15%;与Al粉比较,Al@PDA在HTPB液相中24h后可有效减缓沉降。聚多巴胺对晶体完整致密的包覆性能以及含有丰富活性基团的特性,对含能材料的包覆降感、界面力学性能提升和工艺稳定性提升等方面具有显著的界面改性作用。
In order to study the effects of surface modification on the mechanical sensitivity,interfacial mechanical and processing properties of energetic materials,inspired by the mussel adhesion protein,the modified explosives(HMX@PDA,TATB@PDA)and aluminum powder(Al@PDA)were prepared by polymerization of dopamine on the surface of energetic materials with one?step method,in which PDA formed a compact and firm coating film.The surface morphology,grain fracture morphology,element content and surface wettability of the modified energetic materials were characterized by scanning electron microscope,X?ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle test.The mechanical sensitivity and tensile stress?strain curve of the modified energetic materials were measured by national military standard(GJB?772A?1997),Brazil experiment and other standard testing methods.Compared with HMX crystal,the friction sensitivity of HMX@PDA crystal decreased by 30%,and the characteristic drop?off value increased by 100%.The Brazilian tensile strength of TATB@PDA?based PBX cylinders was 15%higher than that of the TATB?based PBX cylinders.After 24 h in HTPB liquid phase,sedimentation was effectively slowed down for Al@PDA,as compared with naked aluminum powders.The characteristic complete and compact coating abilities on the crystal and rich active groups endow polydopamine remarkable interfacial modification effect on sensitivity reduction,interface mechanical properties improvement,processing stability improvement and other aspects of energetic materials.
作者
祝青
吴束力
肖春
谢虓
李尚斌
罗观
ZHU Qing;WU Shu li;XIAO Chun;XIE Xiao;LI Shang bin;LUO Guan(Institute of Chemical Materials,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621999,China)
出处
《含能材料》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期949-954,共6页
Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials
基金
国家自然科学基金(11772308)
关键词
聚多巴胺
单质炸药
铝粉
机械感度
力学性能
界面性能
polydopamine
explosives
aluminum particles
mechanical sensitivities
mechanical property
interfacial performances
