摘要
针对低频声波在传播过程中穿透力强、难衰减这一问题,研究了一种新型声学黑洞超结构,结合了声学黑洞和声学超结构的优点,通过改变曲面形状实现了低频宽带高效隔声。在一块10 mm厚薄板上,以阵列形式嵌入多个声学黑洞单元,完成声学黑洞既轻且薄的超结构设计。将设计好的声学黑洞超结构用3D打印技术制作出来,通过驻波管实验对声学黑洞超结构隔声特性进行验证。分析实验数据得到,声学黑洞超结构在50~1 600 Hz的频带上平均隔声量可以达到将近30 dB,并且在100~600 Hz频段内平均隔声量高达40 dB。研究了当声学黑洞单元几何形状幂函数的幂指数发生变化时,声学黑洞超结构隔声量的变化。因为设计好的声学黑洞超结构对加工工艺要求较高,在实际的工程应用中并不方便,所以最后还设计了一款方便实际工程应用的声学黑洞超结构,进行了实验验证,并分析了参数变化时对此结构隔声量的影响。研究的声学黑洞轻质超结构在航天航空、汽车、舰船等需要小尺寸结构实现低频大宽带降噪情况下有潜在的应用前景。
Low frequency sound wave has strong penetrating force and difficult attenuation in the propagation process.A new acoustic black hole superstructure is investigated.Multiple acoustic black hole units are embedded in an array on a 10 mm thin plate.The designed superstructure of acoustic black hole is produced by 3D printing technology,and the acoustic characteristics of the superstructure are verified by standing wave tube experiment.According to the analysis of experimental data,the acoustic black hole superstructure can achieve an average sound insulation of nearly 30 dB in the frequency band of 50-1 600 Hz,and an average sound insulation of up to 40 dB in the frequency band of 100-600 Hz.When the power exponent of the geometric shape power function of the acoustic black hole element changes,the sound insulation of the acoustic black hole superstructure is also discussed.Because the designed superstructure of acoustic black hole requires high processing technology and is not convenient in practical engineering application,a superstructure of acoustic black hole that is convenient for practical engineering application is finally designed for experimental verification,and the influence of changed parameter on the sound insulation of the structure is analyzed.The acoustic superstructure of black holes has a potential application foreground in aerospace,automobile and naval ships which require small size structures to achieve low-frequency and wide-band noise reduction.
作者
刘波涛
张海龙
王轲
吴九汇
LIU Botao;ZHANG Hailong;WANG Ke;WU Jiuhui(State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;School of Electronic Engineering,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an 710065,China)
出处
《西安交通大学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第10期128-134,共7页
Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目（51675401）
关键词
声学黑洞
声学超结构
低频宽带
acoustic black hole
acoustic superstructure
low frequency broadband
