摘要
基于地缘环境理论,构建了地缘环境解析框架,从地理环境、地缘关系、地缘结构和地缘空间4个层次对美国地缘环境的动态变化进行了系统的解析。地理环境赋予美国有利的地理位置、优越的地理条件、绝对的地缘优势和拥有世界权力的可能。美国的地缘关系在其发展过程中呈现出对抗、竞争、合作、同盟等多种形式。地缘结构具有重要功能,倒三角结构、多极结构、两极结构、一超多强结构带给美国地缘政治、地缘经济、地缘文化等方面的地位、权力和利益,美国面对中国崛起的地缘理念结构亟需更新。美国主要的地缘空间横跨北美洲、亚洲及欧洲,可划分为腹地、核心地缘空间、海洋地缘空间和外围地缘支点。进入21世纪,美国的国内、国际环境正在发生深刻变化,其对外关系与地缘战略也呈现出新一轮的变动和调整,以适应新的地缘环境。中国在和平崛起过程中可以通过建设潜在的印度洋通道、构建互利共赢的“朋友圈”、制定自身发展的地缘战略等手段积极塑造自身的地缘环境,破解错综复杂的地缘环境问题,维护中国地缘安全。
Based on the geo-setting theory,an analysis framework of geo-setting is built in this paper,to systematically analyze the dynamic changes of American geo-setting from the geographical environment,the geo-relationships,the geo-structures and the geo-space.The geographical environment gives the United States a favorable geographical location,superior geographical conditions,absolute geo-advantages and the possibility of becoming the most important world power.In the course of its development,American geo-relationships take various forms,such as the confrontation,the competition,the cooperation and the alliance.The geo-structures have important functions.The inverted triangle geo-structure,the multipolar geo-structure,the bipolar geo-structure and the geo-structure of one superpower and multiple big powers have brought the status,the power and the interests for the United States in the geopolitics,the geoeconomics,the geo-culture and other aspects.The geo-ideological structure that the United States faces with the rise of China needs to be renewed urgently.The main geo-space of the United States spans the North America,the Asia,and the Europe,which can be divided into the hinterland,the core geo-space,the ocean geo-space and the peripheral geo-fulcrum.Entering the 21st century,the domestic and international environment in the United States is undergoing profound changes,and its foreign relations and the geostrategy are also showing a new round of changes and adjustments to adapt to the new geo-setting.In the process of China's peaceful rise,China can actively shape its own geo-setting,solve complicated geo-setting problems and safeguard China's geo-security by building potential Indian Ocean Passages,building a mutual benefit and win-win"friend circle",and formulating its own geostrategy for development.
作者
胡伟
刘晓凤
葛岳静
胡志丁
刘文新
党琴
HU Wei;LIU Xiaofeng;GE Yuejing;HU Zhiding;LIU Wenxin;Dang Qin(Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Department of Geography,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China;China School of Geographical Science,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China;Institute for Global Innovation and Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;College of Economics and Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)
出处
《科技导报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第16期95-107,共13页
Science & Technology Review
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(16ZDA041)
国家自然科学基金项目(41871128)
关键词
美国
地缘环境
地理环境
地缘关系
地缘结构
地缘空间
America
geo-setting
geographical environment
geo-relationships
geo-structure
geo-space
