摘要
本文运用系统科学的观点分析了正确制定和运用育种策略对提高作物育种效率和效益的作用和意义。作物育种工作整体上由育种目标,育种资源(人力、物力、财力),基础研究,育种程序和技术,以及组织管理等五个相互联系的部分组成,是一个系统。制定育种策略,就是要在制定出合理育种目标的基础上,从育种工作五个部分的相互联系性和层次性出发,综合运用育种有关学科的理论知识、育种经验以及各种技术手段对实现育种目标的动态过程或育种整体计划进行优化,并有效地组织实施,以经济有效地育成新品种,提高育种效率、效果和效益。从这种意义上讲,作物新品种选育工作是一项"工程",即作物育种系统工程。
Determinative role of breeding strategy in improving breeding efficiency is discussed from the point of view of system engineering.It was proposed that a breeding program should include five modules,i.e.,breeding objectives,breeding resources,related basic researches,breeding procedure and techniques,and organization and management of breeding program,which as a whole function as a system.Well-defined breeding strategy is responsible for the optimazation of breeding objectives,optimization of breeding system struc- ture,and efficient management and operation of breeding program,so as to maximize the use of breeding resources,related knowkedges,experiences, techniques and equipments,as well as personnel,and hence finaly,to improve breeding efficiency and maximize returns.
关键词
作物
育种
效率
目标优化
系统工程
crop breeding
breeding strategy
breeding efficiency
optimization of breeding objectives
system
system engineering
