摘要
根据 2 0 0 0年 11月和 2 0 0 1年 4月在 12 1°～ 12 7°E、2 6°～ 32°N之间的东海水域所设的 30个取样站所采集的5 2 6号采泥和 973号拖网样品 ,共计 392种大型底栖动物 ,报道了东海大陆架底栖动物的种类组成和数量分布。392种底栖动物中 ,多毛类 95种 ,软体动物 131种 ,甲壳类 118种 ,棘皮动物 4 8种。从分析结果看 ,底栖动物的种数自北向南和由近岸 (西部 )向外海 (东部 )逐渐增多。调查海区春季底栖动物平均生物量为 7.2 1g/m2 ,平均栖息密度为 132 .95个 /m2 ;秋季底栖动物的平均生物量为 8.79g/m2 ,平均栖息密度为 10 1.4 5个 /m2 。春秋季生物量及栖息密度等值线分布趋势无明显变化。在春秋季底栖动物生物量及栖息密度组成中均以多毛类占主要地位 ,春季生物量以多毛类和棘皮动物占优势。与 195 9～ 196 0年的全国海洋综合调查对东海底栖生物的调查结果比较 ,当前东海海域大型底栖生物的分布格局和生态学特点无明显变化 ,但春季的生物量较 195 9年低。
This paper presents the results of ecological study of the macrobenthic fauna in the East China Sea in autumn and spring. The materials were collected from 30 stations located between 121°～127°E and 26°～32°N in November 2000 and April 2001. For quantitative analysis, samples were collected by 0.1 m 2 box corer. Two successful grabs were regarded as one sample at a station. Samples were prepared by removing the mud and sand by whirlpool mud remover, filtering the specimens through a 0.1 mm sieve, and fixing them in 75% alcohol for small samples or 10% formalin for large. For qualitative analysis, samples were collected with a 1.5 m width×0.5 m height Agassiz trawl, effectively trawling for 15 minute at 2 knots speed, fixing the specimens as per the quantitative analysis. Biomass was measured by weighing the wet specimens with a 1/1000 gram precision electric balance. Altogether in the samples, 392 species of macrobenthos were identified, which belong respectively to Polychaeta, 95 species, Mollusca, 131 species, Crustacea, 118 species and Echinodermata, 48 species. Based upon the analysis of the data obtained during the survey, biomass of the macrobenthos averaged 7.21 g/m 2 in spring and 8.79 in fall, and density averaged 132.95 individuals/m 2 in spring and 101.45 in fall. There were no clear differences in density or distribution of the macrobenthos between spring and fall. In autumn, some species migrate from shore and Changjiang Estuary to the Kuroshio Current. Compared with the benthos research results of 'The comprehensive resource investigation of Chinese coast and shallow waters' (1958～1960) and the Survey of 'Jinxing' Vessel (1975～1976) in the same region, the distribution pattern and the ecological characteristics of the macrobenthos have not changed dramatically, although the biomass in spring of 2001 was lower than that of 1959.
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
2002年第4期351-358,共8页
Biodiversity Science
基金
"十五"国家重点基础研究项目 (G19990 43 70 9)
中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第 44 72号
关键词
东海
春秋季
大型底栖动物
分布
macrobenthos, East China Sea, distribution, seasonal change
