摘要
本文概述了引起萨尔瓦多红树林退化的各种因素,并分析了拟议中的红树林产权变化对贫困的海岸带社区红树林的意义。目前萨尔瓦多红树林生态系统的采伐和转化模式可通过补贴权利的透镜来观察,这种补助就是为特定用途向一些参与者授予财产权(而不授权给别人)。遗憾的是,对红树林资源的使用进行管理的现有法律法规体系是相互矛盾和含混不清的。一些现行的法律对生态系统的使用和转变问题做出了完全相反的规定。如果不对各项补贴权利重新定义,就不能确保对红树林进行合理、持续的管理。但这种权利的重新定义应考虑其生活与生态系统的健康状况密切相关的那些群体的需要。
This paper summarizes those factors that have contributed to the degradation of the mangroves in El Salvador, and examines the implications of proposed changes in property rights to the mangroves for poor coastal communities. Current patterns of extraction and conversion in the mangrove ecosystem in El Salvador can be viewed through an entitlement lens that confers property rights upon some actors, for certain uses, and denies them to others. Unfortunately, the present system of laws and regulations that governs resource use in the mangroves is contradictory and confusing. A number of laws currently are active that give entirely different directives about the use and transformation of the ecosystem. The rational and sustainable management of the mangroves cannot be secured without a redefinition of entitlement rights. This redefinition of entitlements, however, should take into account the needs of those whose livelihoods are intimately connected to the health of the ecosystem.
