摘要
群落结构和物种多样性在草地生态系统中扮演着重要角色,对草地稳定性具有重要影响。施肥和打孔对植物群落特征及物种多样性有重要影响。本试验采取“3414”正交试验设计,按氮、磷、钾不同配比施肥作为处理,并结合打孔与不打孔的物理改良方案,探索不同处理下大针茅草原群落特征及物种多样性的变化。结果显示:(1)施肥、施肥+打孔均能提高草地群落的地上生物量(P<0.05),地上生物量最高分别为157.29g/m^2、153.99g/m^2;但只打孔不施肥对草地群落地上生物量没有显著影响。(2)施肥、施肥+打孔增加了草地群落的物种多样性,N2P1K1配比施肥下群落各多样性指数均显著高于不施肥处理(P<0.05)。(3)与不施肥相比,在不同配比施肥下群落的高度、盖度、密度得到显著提高(P<0.05);在不施肥基础上经过打孔的物理改良后,草地群落的盖度和密度得到明显提高。(4)地上生物量与Simpson指数呈正相关,与Shannon-Wiener指数、Margalef指数、Pielou指数均呈负相关,但均不显著;各多样性指数之间存在显著的正相关关系(P<0.05)。总体而言,施肥、打孔均有利于提高大针茅草原草地生产力和群落物种多样性。
Community structure and species diversity play an important role in grassland ecosystems and have an important impact on grassland stability.Fertilization and perforation have important effects on plant community characteristics and species diversity.This experiment adopts the “3414” orthogonal test design,which is based on different ratios of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization as the treatment,combined with the physical improvement scheme of perforation and non-perforation,to explore the changes of Stipa grandis steppe community characteristics and species diversity under different treatments.The results showed that:(1) Fertilization,fertilization and perforation could increase the aboveground biomass of grassland communities (P<0.05),and the highest aboveground biomass was 157.29g/m^2 and 153.99g/m^2,respectively.However,the aboveground biomass of grassland community was not significantly affected by treatment of perforation and no fertilization.(2) Fertilization,fertilization and perforation increased the species diversity of grassland communities.The diversity index of community under N2P1K1 fertilization was significantly higher than that without fertilization (P<0.05).(3) Compared with no fertilization,the height,coverage and density of the community were significantly increased (P<0.05) under different ratios of fertilization;after physical improvement of the perforation on the basis of non-fertilization,the coverage and density of grassland community were significantly improved.(4) The aboveground biomass was positively correlated with the Simpson index,and negatively correlated with Shannon-Wiener index,Margalef index and Pielou index,but not significant;there was a significant positive correlation among each diversity index (P<0.05).In general,fertilization and perforation were beneficial to improve grassland productivity and community species diversity in Stipa grandis steppe.
作者
杨阳
贾丽欣
乔荠瑢
李梦然
张峰
郑佳华
陈大岭
张昊
赵萌莉
YANG Yang;JIA Li-xin;QIAO Ji-rong;LI Meng-ran;ZHANG Feng;ZHENG Jia-hua;CHEN Da-ling;ZHANG Hao;ZHAO Meng-li(College of Grassland,Resource and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agriculture University,Hohhot 010011,China)
出处
《中国草地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期111-119,共9页
Chinese Journal of Grassland
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“短花针茅分蘖特征对载畜率变化的响应及其机制的研究”(31460110)
内蒙古农业大学草地资源教育部重点实验室
关键词
施肥
打孔
群落特征
物种多样性
Fertilization
Perforation
Community characteristics
Species diversity
