摘要
“EBA”是欧盟普惠制(简称GSP)框架下的一种关税优惠措施,柬埔寨因其最不发达国家身份而获得了欧盟的该项关税优惠待遇,对柬近十几年来的经济快速发展和走向“世界工厂”之路发挥了重要作用。近期,欧盟多次威胁要对柬实施经济制裁,欲撤销对柬的“EBA”计划。欧盟撤销对柬“EBA”计划,表面上是基于对柬民主状况的担忧,实质上有通过经济援助和贸易互惠干预他国内政的企图。对此,柬政府在坚守主权独立的前提下,试图通过一系列改善民主的措施来挽回欧盟的信任,从而促使欧盟改变撤销计划。客观而言,欧盟是否最终会撤回对柬的关税优惠待遇还存在不确定性,尽管最终撤回决定的概率较高,但目前柬埔寨仍存在以下积极因素影响事件发展:柬大选后的积极外交所取得的良好效果以及国际社会的支持、舆论上对欧盟经济制裁合法性的质疑、程序上存在改变最终决定的缓冲期以及近期柬政府在国内采取的政治改革措施获得了积极的回应。总之,为了有效缓解欧盟对柬制裁的经济压力,柬一方面需要积极创造外部条件并通过交流、沟通重获欧盟的信任,另一方面也需要进行内部革新,调整其经济结构和贸易体系,提升经济发展的质量。
"EBA" is a preferential tariff measure under the framework of the EU Generalized System of Preferences(GSP). Cambodia has obtained EU preferential tariff treatment based on its status as a least developed country. Recently, the EU has repeatedly threatened to impose economic sanctions on Cambodia and wants to revoke its "EBA" plan for Cambodia. The EU’s withdrawal of the "EBA" plan is ostensibly based on concerns about the democratic situation in Cambodia. In essence, there are attempts to intervene in other countries’ internal affairs through economic assistance and trade reciprocity. In this regard, Cambodia has formed a confrontation between "pessimism" and "optimism". Under the premise of adhering to sovereign independence, the Cambodian government tried to restore the EU’s trust through a series of measures to improve democracy, thus prompting the EU to change the cancellation plan. Objectively speaking, there is uncertainty in the EU’s withdrawal of preferential tariffs on Cambodia. Although the probability of final withdrawal is high, there are still positive factors affecting the development of events in Cambodia: the good results achieved by the active diplomacy after the election won the support of the international community, public opinion on the legality of EU economic sanctions, there is a buffer period in the program to change the final decision, and the recent Cambodian government’s measures to improve democracy in the country have received positive responses. In short, in order to alleviate the economic pressure from EU’s sanctions effectively, Cambodia needs to create external conditions actively to regain EU’s trust through exchanges and communication. On the other hand, it needs internal innovation with adjusting its economic structure and trade system and improving the quality of economic development.
作者
王闪闪
帅洪福
WANG Shanshan;SHUAI Hongfu
出处
《南亚东南亚研究》
2019年第5期74-89,155,共17页
South and Southeast Asian Studies
关键词
欧盟
优惠关税
柬埔寨
影响
走向
EU
Preferential Tariffs
Cambodia
Influence
Trend
