摘要
露天转地下急倾斜中厚矿体目前主要采用空场法、崩落法和尾砂胶结充填法进行开采,然而一些特殊区域不能采用尾砂进行充填,为了提高回采效率,需结合矿山地质条件研究与之相适应的采矿方法。针对青龙沟采区北矿段露天转地下急倾斜中厚矿体,依据矿岩体工程地质条件及其稳固程度,结合矿山现有采矿装备与充填条件,在阶段空场法分段凿岩、落矿的基础上,提出了长矿房连续开采干式充填采矿方法。依据矿体形态划分阶段,在首采阶段最下分层开掘凿岩巷道,上一分层预控顶为下一分层开采提供凿岩巷道;采用中深孔连续落矿的同时,利用废石等对采空区进行干式充填。该采矿方法简化了矿块开拓设计,大大减少了采准、切割工程量,缩短了采准、切割时间;通过采用连续开采减少矿柱留设,提高矿石回采量;采用干式充填体控制采场地压。在青龙沟采区北矿段现场进行的工业试验表明:对急倾斜中厚矿体采用长矿房连续开采干式充填采矿法实现了高强度和大规模集中开采,提高了矿块的回采率,降低了矿产资源损失量。
For many years,the open stope method,caving method and tailings cement filling method are mainly used to mine the steeply inclined medium-thick ore body from open pit to underground.For some special areas, tailings cannot be used for filling.In order to improve the recovery efficiency,it is necessary to study the mining methods in combination with the geological conditions. In view of the steeply inclined and medium thick orebody from open-pit to underground mining in the north section of Qinglonggou mining area,the continuous dry filling of long room method was put forward. The method is on the basis of sublevel drilling and ore dropping by bench open stoping method,and according to the engineering geological conditions of the ore body and its stability,combined with the existing mining equipment and filling conditions of the mine.This method mainly use the subsection development,the subsection mining cutting,the pre-control roof,the medium-deep hole continuous blasting backward mining,the scraper continuous mining and continuous dry filling goaf. Stage is divided according to the orebody shape,and the drilling tunnels is excavated at the bottom layer in the first mining stage,and the previous layer pre-control roof provides drilling tunnels for the next layer mining.Arrange the cutting slot at the end of the mine and mining from one the side of the mine to the other side.Firstly,drill parallel holes upward in the cutting roadway.The row spacing of blasting holes is 1.2~1.5 m,and the spacing of parallel blasting holes is 1.2 m.After the blasthole is completed,cutting raise with free surface blasting can form cutting slot.The amount of ore from the cutting slot should ensure sufficient compensation space for the ore blasting in the stope.Medium-deep hole continuous ore break down is adopted.The stope is mining retracted from one side to the other.After the backfilling space is formed,the waste rock is poured into the stope through the filling roadway to a sufficient height to form the initial waste rock heap.The truck in the pit discharges waste rock on the waste rock heap.In principle,the stope is ventilated by the main air flow of the mine.The fresh air enters the stope along the drift from the sectional transport roadway through the perforation roadway.The waste- air passes through the upper part along the vein filling roadway,return to the upper part,and is collected and discharged to the return air well.The goaf is filled with waste rock while the medium-deep hole continuous ore dropping.This mining method simplifies the design of ore block exploitation,greatly reduces the amount of mining and cutting,and shortens the time of mining and cutting.Continuous mining is adopted to reduce pillar setting and increase ore recovery,and dry filling body is used to controlling mining site pressure.The field test in the north section of Qinglonggou mining area shows that the high-intensity and large-scale concentrated mining can be realized by adopting the continuous dry filling mining method for the steeply inclined medium- thick orebody,which improves the recovery rate of the ore block and reduces the loss of mineral resources.
作者
张天航
赵兴东
李怀宾
赵一凡
张姝婧
ZHANG Tianhang;ZHAO Xingdong;LI Huaibin;ZHAO Yifan;ZHANG Shujing(Qinglonggou Gold Mine,Qinghai Dachaidan Mining Co.,Ltd.,Haixi 817000,Qinghai,China;Center for Shaft & Roadway and Ground Control,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,Liaoning,China)
出处
《黄金科学技术》
CSCD
2019年第5期704-711,共8页
Gold Science and Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目“地下金属矿规模化无人采矿关键技术研发与示范”(编号:2018YFC0604401)资助
关键词
急倾斜
中厚矿体
长矿房
连续开采干式充填
回采工艺
采矿方法
青龙沟金矿
steeply inclined
medium thick orebody
long room
continuous dry filling
mining technology
mining method
Qinglonggou mining area
