摘要
为探究粉红及黄绿色系樱花品种苗期在杭州地区的生长特性及适应性,以35个樱花品种为试验材料,观测其在杭州地区的嫁接成活率和生长状况,分析各品种物候因子、生长因子的特征及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明:(1)黄绿色系品种嫁接成活率均>90%,66%的粉红色系品种嫁接成活率>85%;小松乙女樱、大提灯樱和阳光樱嫁接成活率最高,大寒樱成活率最低,仅为37.25%。(2)在抗病虫能力方面,黄绿色品种抗性较差,均为低抗型;粉红色系品种中高抗型樱花品种20种,中抗型4种,低抗型8种。(3)各品种间物候存在丰富的变异,萌动发芽期种间变异系数最大,为10.90%;落叶始期极差最大,达96 d;叶片持绿期变异系数为14.46%。(4)物候因子和生长量因子间彼此相关;生长因子与萌动发芽期、展叶期呈负相关,与叶变色期、落叶期呈正相关。(5)采用主成分分析的方法,将5个物候因子和2个生长量因子综合为3个主成分,其主成分累计贡献率达87.41%。(6)根据3个主成分贡献率权重计算各品种综合得分,并基于平方欧式距离将35个品种分为长生长期型、中间型和短生长期型3类。因此,今后可根据不同类型品种的物候差异因地制宜地安排栽培管理,提高工作效率,缩短育种周期。
To investigate the growth and adaptability of cherry cultivars with pink and greenyellow flowers in Hangzhou,the relationship between phenology and growth characteristics and environmental factors was analyzed by measuring the survival percentages and grafting and growth status of thirty-five cherry cultivars.The results showed that survival rate of grafting of greenyellow cultivars was more than 90%,and that of sixty-six percent of pink cultivars was more than 85%,of which Cerasus spachiana‘Komatsu-otome’,C. serrulata‘Ojochin’and C.‘Youkou’had the highest survival rate,whereas C.× kanzakura‘Oh-kanzakura’had the lowest’i.e. 37.25%.The cultivars with green-yellow flowers were low disease-resistant,and among pink cultivars,twenty,four,and eight cultivars were high,middle and low disease-resistant,respectively.In phenology,these cultivars had abundant variation,especially the date of leaf bud germination,with the coefficient variation of 10.90%.The maximum range of leaf fall was 96 days,and the coefficient variation of stay green was 14.46%.Both intra-and inter-of phenology traits and growth traits were relevant.The growth traits were negatively correlated with leaf germination date and leaf expanding date,and were positively correlated with leaf discoloration date and leaf fall date.Using principle component analysis(PCA),the phenology traits and growth traits were synthesized into three components,of which the accumulative contribution rate reached up to 87.41%.According to synthesis score based on values and weight of PCA,and the way of squared euclidean distance,all of the cultivars were divided into three types,i.e. long growth-period type,middle type and short growth-period type.This study will be helpful for planting and managing of these cherry cultivars based on their phenology and growth characteristics,and will improve work efficiency and shorten breeding cycle.
作者
蒋冬月
邹宜含
柳新红
程亚平
王平
沈鑫
JIANG Dong-yue;ZOU Yi-han;LIU Xin-hong;CHENG Ya-ping;WANG Ping;SHEN Xin(Zhejiang Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 310023,China;Qingyuan Forest Farm of Qingyuan County,Qingyuan,Zhejiang 323805,China)
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期673-682,共10页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
浙江省“十三五”林木新品种选育项目(2016C02056-12)
浙江省属科研院所扶持专项(2017F30017)~~
关键词
樱花
物候期
生长
适应性
主成分分析
Cerasus
phenology
growth
adaptability
principle component analysis
