摘要
为筛选对江西省水旱轮作区直播油菜田高效安全的化学除草剂,采用播后苗前土壤封闭处理法和苗后茎叶喷雾处理法,分别研究了不同化学除草剂对直播油菜田主要杂草看麦娘(Alopecurusaequalis)和菵草(Beckmanniasyzigachne)的防除效果及其安全性。结果表明,土壤封闭处理以乙草胺和异丙甲草胺的防除效果较好,其处理45d后对主要杂草的防效分别为69.2%和59.0%,效果明显优于二甲戊灵和丁草胺等;苗后茎叶处理以烯禾啶和精喹禾灵的防除效果及安全性较好,处理15d后对主要杂草的防效分别为65.9%和50.0%,处理45d后的草情指数分别为25.0和16.7。乙草胺和异丙甲草胺在土壤湿度较大时对油菜出苗有一定影响,而乙氧氟草醚对油菜药害较大,不宜使用。
In order to screen the efficient and safety of chemical herbicides applied in direct seeding rape field, as well as in flood and drought rotation field of Jiangxi province, both methods of soil-sprayed pre-emergence and stem and leaf-sprayed post-emergence were applied for testing the control efficacy of several chemical herbicides against the major weeds of Alopecurus aequalis and Beckmannia syzigachne and their bio-safety to the rape. Results indicated that the acetochlor and metolachlor showed good control efficacy after soil-sprayed, the values of control efficacy against the major weeds were 69.2% and 59.0% at 45 days post-treatment, which were significantly superior to the pendimethalin and butachlor, and etc. The sethoxydim and quizalofop-p-ethyl showed good control efficacy and bio-safety after stem and leaf-sprayed post-emergence, the values of control efficacy against the major weeds were 65.9% and 50.0% at 15 days post-treatment, and the weed index were 25.0 and 16.7, respectively. Acetochlor and metolachlor showed a certain side-effect on the emergence of rape because of the high humidity in soil. The oxyfluorfen couldn’t be applied for controlling the weeds of rape field due to its serious phytotoxicity.
作者
刘子荣
刘小娟
徐雪亮
黄衍章
王奋山
陈庆隆
姚英娟
LIU Zi-rong;LIU Xiao-juan;XU Xue-liang;HUANG Yan-zhang;WANG Fen-shan;CHEN Qing-long;YAO Ying-juan(Institute of Applied Agricultural Microbiology,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China;School of Plant Protection,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2019年第12期88-91,96,共5页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
江西省油菜产业技术体系岗位专家科研项目(JXARS-08-病虫害防治)
关键词
水旱轮作
直播油菜田
化学除草
安全性
flood and drought rotation
direct seeding rape field
chemical control and removal
safety
