摘要
晚近以来,国际经贸规则适用的差异化现象有逐步增多之势,表现为相关规则在适用对象、实体内容、议题领域、时效范围及地理界限等方面以不统一的方式适用。差异化现象在欧盟、世界贸易组织以及以《美墨加协定》为代表的区域贸易协定中均有体现。该现象不断涌现的诱因众多,尤以合作方数量增多、合作内容敏感性增强以及国际经贸秩序发生转换等最为显著。差异化现象既有推动国际合作、回应国家特定需求的积极作用,也可能造成国际经贸秩序混乱,导致多边国际合作的解体。因此各国可利用国际条约,以法律形式约束差异化现象。具言之,就是要在具体国际合作的基础性条约中对差异化的法律约束力、授权程序、透明度与开放性、机构的约束与协助以及多边化要求等内容作出规定。
The phenomenon of differentiation in the application of international trade rules,manifested in the disunity in the application of the rules with respect to the target of application,substantive content,topic area,scope of time limitation,and geographical boundary,has been on the rise.Different types of differentiation have been embodied in the trade agreements of the WTO and EU and in such regional trade agreements as USMCA.This phenomenon has been caused by many factors,including the rising numbers of participants in various kinds of economic co-operations,the increasing sensitivity of issues involved such co-operations,and the transition of international economic and trade order.Differentiation in trade rules help push international cooperation forward and satisfy the specific needs of certain countries.However,it could also disrupt the international economic order and lead to the disintegration of multi-lateral cooperation.Therefore,states should utilize international treaties to manage the phenomenon of differentiation by legal means.In other words,it is necessary to stipulate differentiated legal binding force,authorization procedure,transparency and openness,institutional constraints and assistance,and multilateral requirements in specific basic treaties on international cooperation.
出处
《环球法律评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第3期179-192,共14页
Global Law Review
