摘要
为了提高铝合金的硬度、耐磨性,通过激光沉积制造技术制备铝合金-陶瓷梯度复合梯度材料层。观察梯度材料的显微组织,测试其显微硬度和摩擦磨损性能,并分析了磨损机制和强化机制。结果表明基体和梯度层结合良好无裂纹,相比铝合金基体,梯度材料层的组织更为细小均匀,并且随着陶瓷含量越多,晶粒越细小;显微硬度分析显示,从基材到12%陶瓷层的硬度呈上升趋势,基材硬度约为HV 80,梯度材料层硬度最高达到HV 170;随着梯度比例的增加耐磨性能随之增强, 12%陶瓷层摩擦系数最小,磨损失重最少,仅为4.2 mg,远远小于基体。梯度层的显微硬度和耐磨性提高的主要原因有陶瓷颗粒弥散分布强化、激光沉积组织的细晶强化。
In order to improve the hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloy,an aluminum alloy-ceramic gradient composite coating was prepared by laser deposition manufacturing technology.The microstructure of the gradient material was observed.The microhardness and friction wear properties of the gradient material were tested.The wear mechanism and strengthening mechanism of the gradient material were also analyzed.The results showed that the substrate and the gradient layer were well bonded and crack-free,and that the microstructure of the gradient material layer was more fine and uniform than that of the aluminum alloy substrate.The more the ceramic content was,the finer the grains were.The hardness of the material showed an upward trend from the substrate to 12% ceramic content,the hardness of the substrate was about HV 80,the hardness of the material layer was up to HV 170.With the increase of ceramic content,the abrasion resistance would be enhanced,the coefficient of friction of 12% ceramic layer was the smallest and its wear mass loss was minimal and was only 4.2 mg.The main reasons for the increase of microhardness and wear resistance of the gradient layer were the enhanced dispersion of ceramic particles and the grain-fining and strengthening of laser deposited microstructure.
作者
何波
雷涛
庄家良
孙长青
杨光
He Bo;Lei Tao;Zhuang Jialiang;Sun Changqing;Yang Guang(School of Mechatronics Engineering,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China;MechanicalCollege,Shenyang Institute of Engineering,Shenyang 110136,China;Key Laboratory of Fundamental Sciencefor National Defence of Aeronautical Digital Manufacturing Process,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China)
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期375-381,共7页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB1104002)
工信部民用飞机专项科研项目(MJZ-2016-G-71)
国家自然科学基金项目(51371173)
辽宁省教育厅科学研究项目(L201738)
航空制造工艺数字化国防重点学科实验室开放基金(SHSYS2017007)资助
关键词
铝合金
陶瓷
梯度材料
显微组织
耐磨性能
aluminum alloy
ceramic
gradient material
microstructure
wear resistance
