摘要
旨在探讨通过化学药剂防治烟粉虱控制番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的防控效果。以番茄黄化曲叶病毒感病品种‘圣帝’为材料,在烟粉虱密度较低(三叶每株15头左右)和较高(三叶每株60头左右)的大棚中,选用高效氯氰菊酯、吡虫啉、阿维菌素3种杀虫剂,采用间隔3 d和6 d施药频率对番茄黄化曲叶病毒的传播媒介烟粉虱进行灭杀,调查烟粉虱虫口减退率、番茄黄化曲叶病毒病发病率、番茄带毒率的变化。结果发现,高效氯氰菊酯、吡虫啉、阿维菌素3种杀虫剂在药后24 h能够有效降低烟粉虱的虫口密度,其虫口减退率分别为90.2%、84.8%和83.9%,但在药后72 h的虫口减退率分别降低至12.5%、22.8%和23.5%,烟粉虱种群迅速恢复。杀虫剂施药后第6天,番茄植株带毒率即可达到100%,第18天植株出现症状。药剂处理与对照组番茄植株的番茄产量及全株生物量也无显著差异;抗病品种的产量及全株生物量显著高于药剂处理。研究结果表明,由于烟粉虱具有极强的传毒能力和繁殖能力,在整个生命周期能够持久性获毒、传毒,单纯采取化学药剂防治不但无法实现对番茄黄化曲叶病毒病的有效防控,还会增加种植者的经济负担和工作量,生产中应以选用抗病品种为基础,结合调整定植期、防虫网与黄板阻诱联用等措施进行综合防控。
The tomato variety‘Shengdi’,sensitive to tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease,was planted in greenhouses with relatively lower(about 15 heads/plant of trifoliate leaves)and higher(about 60 heads/plant of trifoliate leaves)population densities of Bemisia tabaci.Beta-cypermethrin,imidacloprid and abamectin which could kill Bemisia tabaci were used to study the correlation among the reduction of population densities of Bemisia tabaci,incidence of TYLCV disease on tomato and the change of carrier rate of TYLCV in totato and Bemisia tabaci.The results showed that cypermethrin,imidacloprid and avermectin could effectively limit the population density of Bemisia tabaci 24 h post application,and the population density of Bemisia tabaci showed decrease of 90.2%,84.8%and 83.9%,respectively.But at 72 h after using these drug,the population density of Bemisia tabaci presented 12.5%,22.8%,23.5%reduction,it meant that population of Bemisia tabaci were quickly recovered at that time.Six days later,the carrier rate of TYLCV in tomato plant reached to 100%,and plant showed symptoms on the 18th day.In addition,the results showed that there was no significant difference in tomato yield and whole-plant biomass of tomato plants between the drug treatment group and the control group.Howerver,the yield and whole-plant biomass of the disease-resistant variety were significantly higher than that of the drug treatment.Therefore,for Bemisia tabaci,an insect with strong transmission ability and reproductive ability,persistent virus acquisition and virus transmission throughout the life cycle,the simple chemical strategies were unable to achieve effective prevention and control for tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease.On the contrary,it increased the economic burden and workload for the growers.On the basis of results,the selection of disease-resistant varieties,integrated prevention and control should be promoted in production combined with several agronomic measures,such as the adjustment of planting date,and the application of off-insect net and yellow sticky trap.
作者
李英梅
杨苗苗
刘晨
陈志杰
张锋
任平
洪波
LI Yingmei;YANG Miaomiao;LIU Chen;CHEN Zhijie;ZHANG Feng;REN Ping;HONG Bo(Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi,Xi’an 7100432,China;College of Bioengineering,College of Life Science and Food Engineering,Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University,Xi’an 710100,China;Enzyme Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi,Xi’an 710600,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期466-474,共9页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
陕西省科学院项目(2016K-02)
陕西省农业科技创新与攻关(2016NY-204)
陕西省科技计划(2017JQ3029)
陕西省生物学实验教学示范中心项目~~
关键词
烟粉虱
番茄黄化曲叶病毒
杀虫剂
防控技术
持久性传毒
Bemisia tabaci
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus
Pesticide
Control technique
Persistent virus
