摘要
基于集聚的空间属性,将检验环境污染与产业集聚之间关系的经典环境库兹涅茨曲线扩容为空间结构,同时构建起环境污染与外商直接投资集聚效应及其空间溢出之间的二次曲线关系。检验结果显示:(1)工业废气污染分别与外商直接投资集聚效应及其空间溢出构成U形曲线,置换不同空间权重矩阵,结果具有稳健性及统计显著性;(2)两条U形曲线将外商直接投资集聚的环境效应分为三个阶段,外商直接投资集聚程度低时缓解污染、外商直接投资集聚程度适中时环境效应不确定、外商直接投资集聚程度高时加重污染;(3)从改革开放的实践看,目前FDI在中国的集聚有利于污染减排。为此,需改变政绩考核体系,杜绝"向底线赛跑"的引资模式,配合"一带一路"建设引导外资合理布局。
Based on spatial nature of agglomeration,we construct an non-linear Environmental Kuznets Curve with spatial interactive effect which depicts not only the relationship between FDI agglomeration and pollution,but also the relationship between spatial spillovers from FDI agglomeration and pollution.we find:(1)The U-shape curve can be found not only between FDI agglomeration and pollution but also between spatial spillovers from FDI agglomeration and pollution,while the conclusion is robust and significant when using different spatial weighted matrix to estimate.(2)Based on two U-shape curves with different inflection points,we can divide the relationship between FDI and pollution into three stages.In first stage,pollution is reduced with FDI agglomeration improved;in second stage,pollution might be reduced or increased with FDI agglomeration improved continually;in last stage,pollution is increased with FDI agglomeration markedly strengthened.(3)According to the practice of reform and opening up,the agglomeration of FDI in China is beneficial to pollution reduction.We suggest that by changing district government performance evaluating system and avoiding FDI-attracted model of"race to environmental bottom line",FDI should be properly distributed following"the Belt and Road"iniative.
作者
尹元元
YIN Yuanyuan(School of Economics and Trade,Hunan University of Commerce,Changsha Hunan 410205)
关键词
外商直接投资集聚
集聚效应空间溢出
空间库兹涅茨曲线
FDI Agglomeration
Spatial Spillovers from Agglomeration
Environmental Kuznets Curve with Spatial Interactive Effect
