摘要
羚牛是青藏高原-横断山脉的特有濒危物种。其中的四川羚牛主要分布在四川省的岷山和邛崃山系。识别栖息地适宜性是科学管理和保护栖息地的前提。为提高局域尺度羚牛种群的保护,2017年—2018年笔者在白水河国家级自然保护区通过样线调查和红外相机调查相结合的方式对羚牛的栖息地适宜性进行了分析和评价。结果显示,模型可靠(AUC> 0.85)且保护区内羚牛适宜栖息地分布局限(80.4 km2)。最适宜的栖息地仅占保护区总面积的2.5%,且绝大多数的适宜栖息地(包括适宜和较适宜)都分布实验区(39.1%)与核心区(40.6%)。在7个环境变量中,贡献最大的主要是地形因素(海拔和坡度)及特定的植被类型。野外调查发现,白水河羚牛集中分布区域的最低海拔2 100 m左右,最高出现在3 750 m,平均分布海拔是2 843 m,远高于其他保护区羚牛利用的海拔。低海拔区域(<1 900 m)主要分布在实验区和缓冲区,因此保护区需要加强该区域的干扰控制、管理和监测,增强羚牛对该区域利用的概率,减缓人为活动对栖息地的进一步挤压。
The takin is an endangered species endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the Hengduan Mountains.Sichuan takins are mainly found in the Minshan Mountains and the Qionglai Mountains in Sichuan province.To assist local habitat and population conservation in Baishuihe National Nature Reserve,suitable habitat survey and modelling of takins were conducted in 2017 and 2018.According to results,area under curve larger than 0.85 meant that the model was acceptable.The suitable habitat covered 80.4 km^2 and the area of most suitable habitat only occupied only 2.5% of the whole nature reserve in a fragmented way.Most of the suitable habitat lay in experimental zones and core zones.Among 7 variables of the model,bushes,elevation and slope were most important for habitat suitability.During field survey,the elevation of takin distribution in Baishuihe ranged from 2 100 m to 3 750 m,indicating that lower elevation areas contributed very few for conserving takin population.For future management,it is essential to control human disturbance and to enhance monitoring within these potential habitats.
作者
胡大明
邓玥
温平
梁磊
夏奎
官天培
HU Da-ming;DENG Yue;WEN Ping;LIANG Lei;XIA Kui;GUAN Tian-pei(Sichuan Baishuihe National Nature Reserve,Pengzhou 611390,China;College of Life Science,China West normal University,Nanchong 637009,China;Eco-security and Protection Key Lab of Sichuan Province,Mianyang 621000,China)
出处
《四川林业科技》
2018年第6期67-70,85,共5页
Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology
关键词
有蹄类
国家公园
同域分布
大熊猫
地形
Ungulate
National Park
Sympatric distribution
Giant panda
Terrain
