摘要
坡耕地的水土流失和季节性干旱对地区生态环境和农业生产造成严重负面影响。近年来,一种通过改变田间微观地貌以实现集雨目的的新型整地方式,即土壤表面微形貌加工在国外得到快速发展,并成为解决这一问题的关键。本文针对土壤表面微形貌加工技术的作业原理、在国内外不同地区作业实现的作业效果、当前作业采用的主要机具进行了系统的描述和归纳,阐明该技术可有效控制坡耕地水土流失并提高水资源利用效率。结合南方丘陵山区坡耕地实际特点,对土壤表面微形貌加工技术的应用前景和潜在价值进行了探讨和展望,认为该技术可对云南省坡耕地降雨地表径流加以综合利用,以达到控制水土流失和缓解区域干旱缺水的双重目的。
Soil water loss and seasonal drought on sloping farmland restrict the improvement of food production.Recent years,a technique named micro-topography preparation was developed and become the key to solve this problem.micro-topography preparation is an operation that numerous geometrically ordered surface depressions are formed by modifying soil surface micro-topography to collect and hold water in place during rainfall,and allowing it to infiltrate the soil.In this paper,the realization and operation mechanism of micro-topography preparation was described,the operational effectiveness in different parts of the world was evaluated,and different operating implements were illustrated.It was stated that micro-topographical preparation is an effective technique for both control water and soil erosion and improve water resource using efficiency.Characteristics of sloping farmland in Yunnan Province were analyzed.The application prospect of micro-topography preparation for Yunnan Province was discussed and prospected.It was considered that micro-topography preparation can efficiently utilize surface runoff of sloping farmland in Yunnan Province,and achieve the goal of control runoff and alleviate drought problem simultaneously.
作者
张智泓
王晓阳
佟金
赖庆辉
张兆国
高旭航
Stephen CARR
ZHANG Zhihong;WANG Xiaoyang;TONG Jin;LAI Qinghui;ZHANG Zhaoguo;GAO Xuhang(Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500,China;College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering,Jilin University, Changchun 130025,China)
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期1163-1174,共12页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(51605210)
云南省科技计划项目青年项目(2015FD011)
昆明理工大学分析测试基金(2018M20162214017,2017M20162214015).
关键词
雨水集蓄
土壤表面微形貌加工
旱作农业
水土流失
季节性干旱
rain-water harvest
micro-topography preparation
dryland farming
soil and water erosion
seasonal drought
