摘要
【目的】种植绿色植物是湖滨区生态修复的重要内容。本文探讨木本植物的组成特点。【方法】在云南24个湖泊湿地湖滨区选择149个样点设置1.0 hm2样方调查木本植物,划分植物生长型、来源、栽培/野生类型,计算样点内木本植物丰富度、均匀度、Shannon-Wiener指数等,并分析海拔、经纬度、湖泊面积与物种多样性的关系。【结果】共记录到木本植物72科155属250种,其中,乔木126种占较大优势(占比50.4%)、灌木108种(占比43.2%)、藤本16种(占比6.4%);本地物种193种(占比77.2%)、外来植物57种(占比22.8%)、栽培物种206种(占比82.4%)、野生物种44种。【结论】云南湖泊湿地水陆交界的狭长湖滨区,储存着丰富的木本植物(特别是乔木)种质资源,这些物种具有以本地、栽培物种为主的特点。外来木本植物呈从滇中地区或从人为干扰大的地方向外蔓延态势,应该注意控制和减少物种入侵风险。
[Purpose]Planting green plants is essential for ecological restoration in lakeside areas.The diversity of woody plants was discussed in this paper.[Method]Woody plants were investigated in149sampling sites with1.0hm^2in lakeside areas of24lakes and wetlands all over Yunnan Province,the growth,source and cultivation/wild types of these plants were classified,the richness,evenness and Shannon-Wiener index were calculated,and effects of altitude,longitude and latitude,and lake area on woody plant diversity were analyzed.[Result]A total of250species of woody plants belonging to155genera and72families were recorded.Of which,126species of trees were dominant(50.4%),with108species of shrubs(43.2%)and16species of vines(6.4%);193were native species(77.2%)and57(22.8%)are aliens;206are cultivated species(82.4%)and44wild species.[Conclusion]The narrow belts of lakeside areas of lakes and wetlands in Yunnan Province are rich in the germplasm resources of woody plants(especially trees),which are characterized by local and cultivated species.Alien woody plants are spreading out from the central Yunnan areas or from areas with great human interference.It is necessary to control and reduce the risk of species invasion.
作者
叶媛
项希希
吴良早
雷苑
张亚男
吴兆录
YE Yuan;XIANG Xixi;WU Liangzao;LEI Yuan;ZHANG Yanan;WU Zhaolu(School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences&Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China)
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期975-983,共9页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31670472
41471149
31460144)
关键词
木本植物
物种多样性
湖滨区
湖泊湿地
woody plants
species diversity
lakeside area
lake wetland
