摘要
藏北高寒高原为西藏自治区主要牧区。在人类因素和自然因素双重作用下,目前藏北高寒草原退化程度比较高,严重影响当地社会?经济和环境健康与生态安全的可持续发展。草原退化的重要标志之一是土壤质量退化,特别是土壤微生物多样性明显下降,因此,探究藏北退化高寒草原土壤质量以及细菌和真菌多样性对评价其生态系统结构和功能具有重要作用。运用宏基因组学方法,基于高通量测序技术,对藏北退化高寒草原土壤细菌和真菌群落多样性进行分析。结果显示,藏北退化高寒草原土壤化学成分组成以SiO_2为主,占比为63.5%。土壤颗粒粒径分布介于10~0.1 mm之间,其中介于5~1 mm之间土壤颗粒占比为51%。细菌多样性、丰富度和相对丰度均显著高于真菌。放线菌门、变形菌门和酸杆菌门是藏北退化高寒草原土壤细菌群落的优势门类,占比分别为44.9%、16.4%和14.5%;而土壤真菌群落的优势门类主要为子囊菌门、其他类和担子菌门,占比分别为71.5%、14.3%和8.3%。通过对细菌和真菌多样性、丰富度和相对丰度进行计算,得出真菌/细菌比仅分别为0.725、0.260和0.258,表明藏北高寒草原土壤肥力已比较低下,且生态系统呈退化趋势。
Northern Tibet Plateau is the main pastoral area in Tibet Autonomous Region.At present,alpine grassland in Northern Tibet Plateau has been degraded with high degree under the dual effects both of human and natural factors,which can seriously affect the sustainable development of local social and economic condition as well as the environmental health and ecological security.One of the important signs of desertification in grassland is the degradation of soil quality,especially the reduction of the diversity of soil microorganisms.Thus,it is important to analysis soil quality and the diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities in order to explore the structure and function of the degraded alpine grassland in Northern Tibet Plateau.The present study aims to analyze the soil quality and the diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities by using metagenomics based on high-throughput sequencing technology.Result showed that the soil chemical composition of the degraded alpine grassland in Northern Tibet Plateau was mainly SiO2 accounting for 63.5%.The size distribution of soil particles ranged from 10 to 0.1 mm,among which the proportion of soil particles from 5 to 1 mm was 51%.The diversity,richness and relative abundance of soil bacterial communities were significantly higher than those of soil fungal communities.Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,and Acidobacteria were the most abundant phyla in soil bacterial communities,according for 44.9%,16.4%and 14.5%,respectively,while Ascomycota,Other and Basidiomycota were the most abundant phyla in soil fungal communities,according for 71.5%,14.3%and 8.3%,respectively.The ratio of fungal to bacteria based on the diversity,richness and relative abundance was only 0.725,0.260 and 0.258,respectively,implying that the soil fertility of the degraded alpine grassland in Northern Tibet Plateau was low and the ecosystem had degraded.
作者
荣新山
何敏
王从彦
李彦
戴志聪
梁止水
万凌云
郜志勇
姜坤
伍丙德
张璐
周嘉伟
RONG Xinshan;HE Min;WANG Congyan;LI Yan;DAI Zhicong;LIANG Zhishui;WAN Lingyun;GAO Zhiyong;JIANG Kun;WU Bingde;ZHANG Lu;ZHOU Jiawei(School of the Environment and Safety Engineering/Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China;Bicheng Ecology&Environment Co.,Ltd.,Xining 810001,China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第9期1646-1651,共6页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502002)。
关键词
退化
藏北高原
高寒草原
细菌多样性
真菌多样性
高通量测序
degraded
Northern Tibet Plateau
alpine grassland
bacterial diversity
fungal diversity
high-throughput sequencing
