摘要
基于1940s—2014年六个时相的中国大陆岸线数据,利用基于剖面计算的岸线变化速率,在全国、省域与区域三个尺度定量分析中国大陆岸线变化的时空特征,结论如下:1)1940s以来,中国大陆岸线总体以扩张趋势为主;大规模扩张趋势主要发生于淤泥质海岸,空间分布较为集中和连续,而后退趋势主要表现为砂砾质海岸的侵蚀后退,空间分布较为分散;2)在10省市区层面,岸线均是扩张与后退并存,但以扩张趋势为主,其中,天津、河北、上海、江苏岸线的不稳定性最高;3)在32个区域层面,除海州湾至江苏废黄河口岸段,绝大多数区域的岸线均以扩张趋势为主;黄河三角洲、莱州湾南岸、江苏废黄河口至长江三角洲岸段岸线动态度较高;4)近70年来,辽河三角洲至莱州湾南岸岸线持续向海扩张,1990年后,虽然扩张规模有所减小,强度却显著增加;长江三角洲至杭州湾岸段,岸线扩张势头强劲且1990年后更趋增强;杭州湾以南岸线,扩张强度始终较为平稳。总的来说,从位移方向的角度分析中国大陆岸线变化的时空特征,尤其是对扩张与后退热点区域的识别,将有助于海岸带区域环境与生态问题的防治、资源的优化配置以及经济社会的可持续发展。
Based on coastlines of China's Mainland at six instants in time during the period of1940s-2014and by using EndPoint Rate,Linear Regression Rate and Weighted Linear Regression Rate that were calculated along transects,quantitativeanalysis concerning spatio-temporal characteristics of coastline variations of China's Mainland since1940s was conducted atnational,provincial,regional scales respectively,The results are as follows.1)Since1940s,coastline of China's Mainland had anoverall dominant trend to advance seaward;intensive and continuous large-scale trend of advancing seaward generally occurredon muddy coast;on the other hand,landward retreat mainly dispersed in the form of gravel coast recession.2)At provincialscale,although advancing seaward and retreating landward coexisted in each administrative unit,advancing seaward dominated the coastline change trend,and among the ten administrative units,Tianjin,Hebei,Shanghai and Jiangsu were the units that heldthe most instable coastlines.3)At regional scale,except the subcells of Haizhou Bay and the abandoned Yellow River Estuary inJiangsu province,the majority had a dominant trend of advancing seaward;the dynamic degrees of coastline at the Yellow RiverDelta,the south coast of Laizhou Bay and the coast stretched from the abandoned Yellow River Estuary in Jiangsu province toYangtze River Delta were relatively higher than other areas.4)The coast stretched from Liaohe Delta to the south coast ofLaizhou Bay kept advancing seaward all along the last70years,and after1990,its intension increased dramatically in spite ofthe decrease in its extension;the intension of advancing seaward of the coast stretched from the Yangtze River Delta toHangzhou Bay had been powerful and increased remarkably since1990;the intension of advancing seaward of the south coastof Hangzhou Bay remained mild,smooth and steady in the last70years.In general,from the perspective of movement direction,spatio-temporal characteristics of coastline change in China's Mainland were analyzed,and the identification of hotspots referringto coastline advance as well as coastline retreat would contribute to the prevention and governance of eco-environmentalpollution,resource optimizing configuration and sustainable development of economy and society in coastal areas.
作者
毋亭
侯西勇
WU Ting;HOU Xiyong(Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai 264003, China;University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China;College of Resources and Environmental Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, Fuzhou 350002, China)
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2017年第1期80-88,共9页
Ecological Science
基金
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项--应对气候变化的碳收支认证及相关问题(XDA05130703)
国家自然科学基金(No.31461143032)
中国科学院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-TZ-15)
