摘要
三峡水库建成后,库区内长江流速减缓、自净化能力降低,影响了藻类演替及水域水质。研究三峡库区重庆至三斗坪地区汛期浮游藻类及水质特征,依据水体生物、化学特征评价污染状况、划分水质类别,并根据当地情况提出保护水质的建议。调查期间,共鉴定藻类6门49属,以蓝藻、硅藻和绿藻为主,其中蓝藻占主要优势;多样性指数普遍在1—2之间。库区水环境中酸碱度(p H)、溶解氧(DO)、营养盐均适宜藻类生长,已具备了藻类爆发式生长的条件。由生物评价法和多种水质评价方法分析表明:汛期库区水体属富营养化水平,呈中度污染,水质主要受控于总磷(TP)、溶解性总固体(TDS)、透明度、p H,且总磷影响最为严重。生物和化学水质评价方法均反映出库区水体自上游至下游水质污染程度加剧的趋势。
The ecological and environmental impact of Three Gorges Dam project is a widely concerned issue.Due to thereduction on purification capability,aquatic alga succession and water quality have been affected by the slow flowvelocity after river impoundment.In order to assess the water quality status,the algal communities’characteristics andhydrochemical parameters were investigated from6locations along the main stream of the Three Gorges Reservoir in July,2013.In total,49genera of algae species from6phyla were identified,dominated by Cyanophyta,Bacillariophyta andChlorophyta.Although the abundance and composition of algae species varied significantly between the trunk stream andtributaries,the Shannon-Wiener’and Margalef’biodiversity indices between1-2indicated most of water quality status inmoderate pollution.The pH,dissolved oxygen(DO),and nutrients in water were found suitable for the growth of algae,providing potential conditions of algae blooms.The most significant factors on water quality included total phosphorus(TP),total dissolved solids(TDS),transparency,pH,with the predominance of TP.The aggravation trend of waterpollution from upstream to downstream was obvious according to both algae and hydrochemical indicators in the waterquality evaluation.
作者
张洁
杨娟
ZHANG Jie;YANG Juan(School of Marine Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China)
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2017年第1期55-63,共9页
Ecological Science
基金
中央高校基本业务费优秀教师项目(2652015035)
关键词
三峡工程
藻类
水质
生物指数法
综合水质标识指数法
Three Gorges project
phytoplankton
water quality
biological indices
comprehensive water quality identification index
