摘要
对108具成人尸体剑突区进行多方观测发现:1.剑突的长度:最大为80mm,最小为20mm,平均为48.3±0.8mm宽度:最大为34mm,最小7mm,平均为18.2±0.7mm;厚度:最大为5mm,最小为1.5mm,平均为2.5±0.1mm。剑突有分叉者18例占16.7％,不分叉者90例占83.3％,剑突有孔者42例占38.9％;剑突末端居中者44例占40.7％,末端偏左侧者42例占38.9％,末端偏右侧者22例占20.4％。2.胸骨下角度数平均为61.0±1.0°。3.胸廓内动脉——腹壁上动脉在剑突区呈垂直向下行,距前正中线平均为26.0±5mm。4.剑突与胸骨体的连结(剑胸结合)类型,84例为软骨结合占77.8％,24例为骨性结合占22.2％。
On olinical requests 108 adult cadavers are dissected around the xyphoid process in details. It is found that there are variations in the morphology, position, length 48.3±0.8(20-80),X±SE(minmax)mm, width 18.2±0.7(7-34), and thickness 2.5±0.1(1.5-5). The tip of the xyphoid process may be forked 18 cases (16.7% ), non—forked 90 (83.30%); with perforation 42 (38.9%). 44 with the lower end in the middle (40.7%), 42(38.8%) pointing left, 22(20.4%)pointing right. 2. The degree of the substernal angle is 61.0±1.0°. 3. The intrathoracic internal artery-the superior epigastric artery leads directly down ward 26.5±5.0 mm from the anterior median line. 4. The type s of the junction of the xyphoid process with the sternum (xyphoidsternal junction): 84 cases are by cartilage (77.8%), 24 are bony junction (22.2%). Clinical applications are discussed with the informations of regional applied anatomy proposing: 1. To take the xyphoid—stenal junction (XB) as the base for the recording of the lower border of the left lobe of the liver on the anterior median line; 2. Pericardial paracentesis may be carried out acurately and safe at a point 1 cm below and left to the cross point of the left costal border with the xyphoid sternal junction.
出处
《暨南大学学报（自然科学与医学版）》
CAS
CSCD
1991年第2期24-28,共5页
Journal of Jinan University(Natural Science & Medicine Edition)
关键词
剑突
解剖
Xyphoid process, Xyphoid sternal junction, Substernal angle
