摘要
通过对沅江洞庭湖区稻田、麻园土壤生态系统的轮作制度、施肥情况、作物产量及秸杆还田的调查分析,研究了湖区不同土壤生态系统的养分平衡状况,结果表明:湖区稻田土壤生态系统的氮素、磷素输入输出基本平衡,钾素严重亏缺,麻园土壤生态系统氮索盈余,磷素、钾素基本平衡,因有机质矿化作用较强,土壤有机质和全氮含量比稻田土壤偏低,而碱解氮和有效磷、钾养分高于稻田稻田土壤。同时,稻田、麻田土壤大量施用氮、磷肥,也影响到钾素及微量元素锌的平衡和有效性。
The study was conducted through investigation and analysis of the rotation system, fertilization, grain yield and returning of stalk to the field in the suburbs of Yuanjiang city. In rice soil the input of N and P was grossly balanced with the output of N and P but the input of K was not adequate. In ramie soil P and K were balanced on the whole but there was surplus N. The contents of soil organic matter and tatal N were lower in ramie soil than in rice soil and N hydrolysed by alkali and available P, K were higher in ramie soil than in rice soil. Excessive N and P in rice and ramie soils also had in-fluence on the balance and availability of soil K and Zn.
关键词
水稻
苎麻
土壤
生态系统
养分平衡
lowland rice
Boehmeria nivea
arable soil
soil ecosystem
lake region
