摘要
目的 研究肠球菌对抗生素的耐药状况 ,指导合理用药。方法 菌株来源为 1998年 7月至 1999年 9月分离的肠球菌 10 8株。用琼脂稀释法对 12种抗生素进行最低抑菌浓度 (MIC)的测定。结果 肠球菌对红霉素、四环素的耐药率分别为 71 2 6 %、70 37%。对利福平的耐药率为 5 6 .4 8% ,对青霉素、氨苄青霉素、氨苄青霉素 /舒巴坦、亚胺培南 /西司他丁的耐药率分别为 5 3.7%、5 2 78%、5 2 78%、5 1 85 %。对庆大霉素、链霉素高度耐药的发生率分别为 4 7.2 2 % ,4 9 0 7%。对环丙沙星耐药的菌株相对少。对万古霉素、替可拉宁全部敏感。进一步比较不同种肠球菌的耐药率 ,发现屎肠球菌对 β 内酰胺类抗生素的耐药率明显高于粪肠球菌 (χ2 =4 2 4 6 8,P <0 0 0 1)。而且多重耐药在肠球菌发生率高达 87.9% ,尤在屎肠球菌更为严重 ,达 95 .2 % ,其耐药模式主要以β 内酰胺类抗生素 /氨基糖苷类为主 ,多数同时对红霉素、利福平耐药。而在粪肠球菌则以四环素加红霉素为主。结论 肠球菌的耐药状况严重 ,尤其屎肠球菌对 β 内酰胺类抗生素加氨基糖苷类耐药率高 ,目前尚未发现耐万古霉素的肠球菌。
Objective To study the antimicrobial resistance of the enterococci in our hospital and to instruct the rational use of antibiotics. Methods\ Enterococci strains were collected from the patients in the Beijing Children's Hospital since Jul.1998 to Sep.1999.Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed by the agar dilution.12 antibiotics were tested.Results\ The rate of resistance to erythromycin and tetracycline were 71 22% and 70 37% ,respectively.The rate of resistance to rifampin was 56 48%.For penicillin, ampicillin,ampicillin/sulbactum,imipenem,the rate of resistance was 53 7%, 52 78%, 52 78% and 51 85% respectively.The high level resistance rate of the enterococci to the gentamicin were 47.22% ,to the streptomycin 49 07%. No strains were resistant to the vancomycin and teicoplanin . Further analysis, enterococci faecium isolates were significantly more resistant than enterococci faecalis to ampicillin(χ 2=42 468,P<0 001). Multiresistance to antiobitics in the enterococci was very serious in this study,espicialy in the enterococci faecium . The patterns in the enterococci faecium were β lactams and aminoglycoside. Of these multiresistant enbterococci faecium strains, most were resistant to erythromycin and rifampin. The patterns of multiresistance in enterococci faecalis were tetracycline and erythromycin.Conclusions\ The antimicrobial resistance status of the enterococci is very serious. The rate of the enterococci faecium to the β lactams and aminoglycoside are rather high. At present no strains resistant to the wancomycin are found in our hospital.
出处
《中国实用儿科杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第9期543-545,共3页
Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics
关键词
肠球菌
抗药性
微生物
抗生素
Enterococci Drug resistance Microbes Antibiotics
