摘要
以山东半岛月湖和海南岛博鳌港为例 ,论述人类开发活动对潮汐汊道带来的生态系统问题和航运防洪问题。在山东半岛月湖 ,为海水养殖而进行的口门围封和潮间带围垦造成了涨、落潮历时和潮流流速格局的变化 ,进而引起纳潮海湾的淤塞和水体交换的滞缓 ,最终导致生态系统的恶化 ,使海水养殖业蒙受损失。在海南岛博鳌港 ,口门航道的整治问题突出 ,但如果设计不当 ,航道整治工程的实施将给港内沿岸地区带来极大的洪水风险 ,使现有开发工程的设计不能满足防洪的要求。分析表明 ,潮汐汊道开发中所产生的水环境问题的解决 ,无论是生态系统修复 ,还是海滨城市的风险与安全问题 ,都需要多学科的交叉研究。
With the Yuehu Lake on the Shandong Peninsula and the Boao Harbor on the Hainan Island as examples, the impacts are analyzed of human activities on the ecosystem, navigation, and flood control. For the Yuehu tidal inlet system, the artificial closure of the entrance and reclamation within the tidal basin caused variation of time-velocity asymmetric patterns, siltation in the entrance channel, and obstruction to water exchange, eventually resulting in the deterioration of the ecosystem and the loss of the marine aquaculture. For the Boao Harbour, the regulation of the navigation channels at the entrance is urgent. However, improper design of the regulation project may bring about great flood risk to coastal areas. A multidisciplinary method is required to solve water environment problems in the development of tidal inlet systems, including the protection and recovery of the ecosystem and the safety in coastal urbanization.
出处
《水资源保护》
CAS
2002年第3期18-21,共4页
Water Resources Protection
基金
国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目 ( 4 972 5 6 12 )
关键词
水环境
潮汐汊道演化
生态系统
洪水
月湖
航道整治
tidal inlet evolution
impact of human activity
ecosystem
flood
Yuehu Lake
Boao Harbor
