摘要
西藏粮草复种模式不仅为牲畜提供牧草,而且还可以增加农牧民收入。以冬青稞-芫根、冬青稞-雪莎、冬青稞-箭舌豌豆、冬青稞-油菜、冬青稞-燕麦草和冬青稞-绿麦草6种不同的粮草复种方式为研究对象,应用大田小区对比试验的方法,探讨了不同施肥方式和播量对西藏主要牧草芫根、雪莎、箭舌豌豆、油菜、燕麦草和绿麦草的生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明:对于不同的施肥方式和播量而言,6种牧草的基本苗、60 d株高以及鲜草产量与干草产量均达到显著性差异(P <0.05),尿素与有机肥混施和高播量可以显著提高牧草产量,有效提高冬青稞复种饲草的产出和效益。
The double cropping systems implemented in the Tibetan Plateau not only provide fodder for livestock in winter and spring, but also increase the income of farmers and herdsmen. By conducting a controlled field experiment in Tibet, this study investigated the effects of different fertilization strategies and sowing densities on the yield and growth of six major fodder grasses-Brassica rapa L., Trigonella foenum-graecum L., Vicia sativa L., Brassica napus L., Avena sativa L., and Secale L.-under winter hulless barley-grass double cropping systems. The experiment involved three fertilization strategies （no fertilizers, application of urea at 10 kg/667 m2, and co-application of urea at 10 kg/667 m2 and organic fertilizers at 200 kg/667m2） and three sowing densities （low, moderate, and high）. Results showed that the three fertilization strategies led to significant differences in basic seeding number, plant height at 60 days after planting, and yields of the six forage grasses based on fresh weight and those based on dry weight, as did the three sowing densities. Co-application of organic and inorganic fertilizers and high sowing density both significantly increased the yields of the six forage grasses. Furthermore, this result indicated that co-application of organic and inorganic fertilizers significantly enhanced the growth of the fodder grasses, which is conducive to improving the ecological conditions of the farmlands in the Tibetan Plateau.
作者
谭大明
谭海运
高雪
丁海荣
TAN Da-ming;TAN Hai-yun;GAO Xue;DING Hai-rong(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science,State Key Laboratory of Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement,Lhasa 850000,China;Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Yancheng 224002,China)
出处
《大麦与谷类科学》
2018年第5期5-13,23,共10页
Barley and Cereal Sciences
基金
2016年西藏自治区财政专项(粮草轮作与复种高效生产技术集成示范)
2017年西藏自治区科技计划项目(西藏边境县特色农业增产增效技术模式引进与示范)
关键词
粮草复种
冬青稞
施肥方式
播量
生长
产量
Grain-fodder double cropping system
Winter hulless barley
Fertilization method
Sowing density
Growth
Yield
