摘要
近现代以前妇女在稳婆的帮助下分娩,主流社会认为稳婆是危险的"非我族类",社会对稳婆的普遍需求与主流意识形态之间存在微妙张力。通过关注稳婆在生育文化和分娩照顾中阶层建构得出,技术与性别是建构稳婆边缘性地位的两个核心机制。稳婆的接生技术在"重理轻技"医学传统中被贬低为经验技术,通过模仿习得,被科学技术取代;稳婆性别角色的实践与理想女性的想象大相径庭。技术与性别的双重身份压制同构了稳婆的边缘地位。研究发现,女医角色的施展需要借助公共空间这个场城,女性身体的流动与安土重迁的乡土观念扦格难通,对职业女性的排斥与规训,体现了社会对传统道德的维护与控制。
Before modern times, most women gave birth with the help of wenpo.This article focus on the construction of wenpo＇s status within the birth culture and delivery care..It is found that technology and gender are two core factors to construct the marginal status of wenpo. In the tradition of respecting Confucianism and neglecting iatrology, the midwifery technology of wengpo is devalued as ＂craft/skill＂, which belongs to the experiential technology and is lower than the scientific technology. The gender role of wenpo does not meet the gender expectation of the society, which threatens and challenges the social order controlled by patriarchy. The dual exclusion of technology and gender has constituted the marginal status of wenpo. It reflected the contradiction between the mainstream ideology and the general needs of the society.
作者
周群英
刘小燕
ZHOU Qun-ying;LIU Xiao-yan
出处
《青海民族研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第3期95-101,共7页
Qinghai Journal of Ethnology
关键词
技术
性别
稳婆
边缘地位
Technology
Gender
Wenpo
Marginal status
