摘要
2016—2017年度冬季为中国1961年以来最暖的冬季。暖冬对冬小麦越冬安全不同于冷冬年或倒春寒出现冻害的问题,冬季暖干化致使麦苗绿叶等营养器官黄枯,固城站调查发现:播期由早到晚绿叶黄枯率为92.95%~41.95%,绿叶等营养器官黄枯对麦苗体质的不可逆性生理伤害和返青后营养器官恢复生长影响较大。气候变暖背景下,华北地区半冬性甚至弱春性冬小麦品种已替代了过去的强冬性或冬性品种,北方冬小麦冬性品种的适宜播种期温度指标15~18℃应做修订,依据气候变暖1.5~2℃的结论,华北地区目前种植的冬小麦半冬性品种的适宜播种期温度指标建议修订为13~16℃,由此推算出固城站冬小麦半冬性品种播种期应在10月2—14日。
The winter temperature of 2016 to 2017 is the warmest since 1961 in China. The effect of warmwinter on winter wheat is different from freezing injury of cold winter and cold spell in later spring, it can causewithering seedlings and vegetative organs. An investigation at Gucheng Station showed that green leafwithering rate varied with planting periods, the withering rate was 92.95% to 41.95% with the delay of plantingdate, the withering of green leaf and vegetation organs had irreversible harm to wheat plants and great effectson vegetation organs＇ recovery after green-up. Under the global climate warming, semi-winter wheat varietiesand weak-spring winter wheat varieties have replaced strong-winter wheat varieties and winter wheat varietiesin north China, and the suitable sowing temperature（15-18℃） for winter varieties should be revised. Based onthe temperature increase of 1.5-2℃, the suitable sowing temperature for semi-winter wheat varieties in northChina should be revised to 13-16℃, and it is estimated that the suitable sowing period of semi-winter wheatvarieties in Gucheng Station is October 2-14.
作者
赵花荣
任三学
宋兴阳
齐月
田晓丽
Zhao Huarong;Ren Sanxue;Song Xingyang;Qi Yue;Tian Xiaoli(Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081;The Institute of Arid Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration/Gansu Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster/ Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA,Lanzhou 730020;Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences（Gucheng）Ecological Environment and Agricultural Meteorological Station,Baoding Hebei 072656)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2018年第25期90-96,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目"干旱胁迫下作物冠层日光诱导叶绿素荧光响应规律研究"(D010702)
关键词
暖冬
冬小麦
越冬安全
绿叶黄枯
适宜播种期
warm winter
winter wheat
overwintering safety
withered leaves
suitable sowing period
