摘要
青藏高原拥有全球独特的放牧系统,国内外较少通过定量控制的放牧试验研究放牧率对畜粪分解的作用。用双层盆叠放法比较高寒草甸两个放牧率下藏羊粪的分解规律。8羊/hm^2放牧率下的分解速率大于16羊/hm^2。随着放牧率增加,羊粪C、N、P的归还量、草地残留和淋溶量及其所占比例上升,C、N的大气排放量增加。粪中P的分解与C/N比负相关,C的分解速率与N/P比正相关。用Olson的指数模型拟合,羊粪分解50%和95%所需时间,除了木质素,粪干物质、C、N、P、纤维素、半纤维素的分解时间16羊/hm^2放牧率下均长于8羊/hm^2放牧率。单位重量粪的分解速率,16羊/hm^2放牧率下较快;单位面积草地上,畜粪的分解在16羊/hm^2放牧率下较快。研究结果对于全球变暖背景下,调整高寒草甸放牧策略有指导作用。
The grazing system on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is unique from that elsewhere in the world. Effects of quantitative stocking rates on decomposition of livestock feces is rare. In this study, we compared sheep feces decomposition patterns under two specific stocking rates by the method of piled-up two pots pile in an alpine meadow. The results showed that decomposition rates of sheep feces with 8 sheep/hm2 were higher than that with 16 sheep/hm2. The return of C, N, and P as well as the residue and leaching of C and N in sheep feces increased with increasing stock rates, while the emission of C and N also increased. A negative relationship was found between C/N ratios and the decomposition rate of P in sheep feces, while a positive relationship was found between N/P ratios and the decomposition rate of C. Based on the exponential model of Olson, the decomposition periods of 50% and 95% for dry matter, C, N, P, cellulose, and hemicellulose （except lignin） in sheep feces were longer with 16 than 8 sheep/hm2. Decomposition rates per unit dry weight and per unit area of feces were quicker with 16 than 8 sheep/hm2. In the context of global warming, these results are useful in guiding studies on grazing strategies in alpine meadows.
作者
颜才玉
孙义
刘阳
王召峰
常生华
侯扶江
YAN Caiyu;SUN Yi;LIU Yang;WANG Zhaofeng;CHANG Shenghua;HOU Fujiang(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems,Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第20期7208-7215,共8页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31672472)
草地农业系统耦合与管理教育部创新团队项目(IRT_17R50)
关键词
轮牧
元素循环
分解周期
淋溶
大气排放
温室气体
rotational grazing
element cycle
decomposition cycle
leach
atmospheric emissions
greenhouse gases
